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1、郑州航空工业管理学院毕 业 论 文（设 计） 2013 届 机械设计制造及其自动化 专业 0906063 班级题 目 家用小型玉米脱粒机的设计 姓 名 学号 指导教师 职称 二一三 年 五 月 十五 日内 容 摘 要 从1785年苏格兰人安朱梅克( AndrewMeikle)发明第一个回转滚筒脱粒装置以来, 人们对玉米脱粒装置做了大量的试验和研究, 不断开发出新的玉米脱粒装置。1815年, 美国开发出世界上第一台专用于玉米脱粒的手工操作玉米脱粒机。之后人们对于玉米脱粒装置的改进一直没有停止过。上个世纪70年代初期, 我国自行研制的冲击式原理玉米脱粒机得到了普及应用, 当时以大、中型脱粒机为主。
2、进入80年代后, 农村开始实行家庭联产承包责任制, 我国又相继研发了冲击式原理的一系列中、小型玉米脱粒机, 以适应农户的生产需要。 随着社会的发展，机械化在我国普及的速度很快，由于我国是农业大国而且农业是我国的经济基础，所以普及机械化对于我过农业的发展是至关重要的，但是由于我国的农业现状，大都属于小农经济，所以决定了在某些方面大型的机械很难普及，所以需要普及一些小型的家用机械。玉米脱粒机就是其中一个很典型的实例，随着人们的玉米产量的不断增加，玉米脱粒就成为了一个摆在人们而前的一个问题，人工脱粒太慢，费时间，而且需要的人很多，很不方便，玉米脱粒机的出现，解决了这一问题，需要的人工少，而且主要是工
3、作效率有大大的提高，所以玉米脱粒机是农家不可缺少的必备农机。玉米脱粒机是玉米脱皮后，经过一段时间的风干，然后将玉米利用脱粒机使玉米和玉米芯分开，这种机械就是玉米脱粒机。它的工作原理是:玉米脱粒机在进行玉米脱粒时，利用钉齿滚筒回转运动的钉齿与筛网之间的间隙相配合，使玉米粒拖下(钉齿滚筒和筛网之间的揉搓作用，将玉米粒脱离玉米芯，井借助其他的机械机构将玉米粒和玉米芯分别从两个不同的出口排出机体之外，籽粒由筛孔分离出去，玉米芯从机器尾部排出，玉米丝，皮屑从风口排出。循环脱粒，不断的进行填入脱粒排出机体这一循环。该种机器，脱粒的效率由滚筒的长度和直径而确定，人们可根据自己的脱粒效率，合理的选用适当的玉米
4、脱粒机。关键词玉米脱粒机；脱粒结构；设计AbstractIn 1815, the United States developed the worlds first dedicated to corn threshing hand-operated corn thresher. Improvement for corn threshing device after people have never stopped. The early 70s of last century, Chinas self-developed impact principle of corn threshing ma
5、chine is widely used in large, medium, when threshing machine. After entering 80 age, rural began to implement the household contract responsibility system, our country has developed a series of impact principle, small corn thresher, in order to meet the production needs of farmers. With the develop
6、ment of society, the mechanization in China spread very quickly, because China is a big agricultural country and agriculture is the economic foundation of our country, so the application of mechanized is crucial for the development of our agriculture, but the agricultural current situation of our co
7、untry, mostly belonging to the small-scale peasant economy, so the decision in some aspects. Large machinery is difficult to popularize, so need to popularize some small household machinery. Corn threshing machine which is a very typical example, along with the people of the maize yield increase, co
8、rn threshing became a priority in an issue that people first, manual threshing too slow, time-consuming, and requires a lot of people, very inconvenient, corn threshing machine, to solve the a problem, need less labor, and is mainly the work efficiency is greatly improved, so the corn thresher is es
9、sential for an agricultural farm. In 1815, the United States developed the worlds first dedicated to corn threshing hand-operated corn thresher. Improvement for corn threshing device after people have never stopped. The early 70s of last century, Chinas self-developed impact principle of corn thresh
10、ing machine is widely used in large, medium, when threshing machine. After entering 80 age, rural began to implement the household contract responsibility system, our country has developed a series of impact principle, small corn thresher, in order to meet the production needs of farmers. With the d
11、evelopment of society, the mechanization in China spread very quickly, because China is a big agricultural country and agriculture is the economic foundation of our country, so the application of mechanized is crucial for the development of our agriculture, but the agricultural current situation of
12、our country, mostly belonging to the small-scale peasant economy, so the decision in some aspects. Large machinery is difficult to popularize, so need to popularize some small household machinery. Corn threshing machine which is a very typical example, along with the people of the maize yield increa
13、se, corn threshing became a priority in an issue that people first, manual threshing too slow, time-consuming, and requires a lot of people, very inconvenient, corn threshing machine, to solve the a problem, need less labor, and is mainly the work efficiency is greatly improved, so the corn thresher
14、 is essential for an agricultural farm. The corn thresher is corn peeling, after drying for a period of time, then the use of corn thresher for corn and corn cob separately, this machine is the corn threshing machine. Its working principle is: corn thresher for corn threshing, the gap between tooth
15、and nail screen tooth cylinder rotary motion of the match, the corn grain down (between the nail tooth roller and a screen kneading action, the corn grain from corn cob, I Suke and other mechanical corn and corn cob respectively from two different outlet outside a machine body, separated by the siev
16、e grain, corn cob discharging machine tail, from corn silk, dander from outlet. Circular threshing, the threshing - fill - discharge the body of the loop. This kind of machine, the threshing efficiency by the drum length and diameter is determined according to the threshing efficiency, people can own, corn thresher, the reason
