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1、重点句型语法剖析三、重点句型剖析1. unless引导的条件状语从句【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。【方法规律】(1)unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if not 引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。例
2、：The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, unless otherwise posted. 校园自行车限速每小时15英里，除非另有公告。We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold. 除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。即学即练(1)用ifnot改写句子。Unless you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is._I want you to kee
3、p working unless I tell you to stop._【答案】 If you have not tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.I want you to keep working if I dont tell you to stop.【解析】本题主要考查条件状语从句(2)完成句子_, you can refer to the dictionary.如果有必要，你可以查字典。You will fail in French _.你要是再不加把劲，法语就考不及格了。It is known to all that _ r
4、egularly, you wont keep fit.众所周知，除非你经常锻炼，否则身体不会健康。【答案】If (it is) necessaryunless you work harderunless you exercise【解析】本题主要考查条件状语从句2. be doing when “正在做这时突然”【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。【方法规律】be doing when “正在做这时突然”，when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at t
5、his/that time。be about to do when 正要做这时(突然) be on the point of doing when 正要做这时(突然)had just done when 刚做完这时(突然)即学即练(1)We _ the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论问题，这时停电了。(2)I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.I _ my best friend encouraged me to go on.我正要放弃这时我
6、最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。(3)They _ three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home.他们刚走了三英里，突然意识到他们的身份证忘在家里了。【答案】(1)were discussing(2)was on the point of giving up when(3)had just covered【解析】本题主要考查be doing when 句型的用法四、重点语法突破省略在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。英语中的种种省略有
7、如下情况：(一)简单句中的省略1. 省略主语(1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略如：(You) Open the door, please. 请开一下门。(2)其它省略主语多限于现成的说法如：a. (I) Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。b. (It) Doesnt matter. 没关系。2. 省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分如：a. (There is) No smoking. 禁止抽烟b. (Is there) anything else? 还有其他事吗？c. (You come) This way please. 请这边走d. (Will you) Have a s
8、moke? 抽烟吗？3. 省略谓语a. Who (comes) next? 该谁了？b. Well do the best we can (do). 我们将尽力而为。4. 省略宾语如：Do you know Mr. Li? 你认识李先生吗？I dont know (him.) 我不认识他。5. 省略表语如：Are you thirsty? 你30岁了吗？Yes, I am (thirsty). 是的，我是。6. 省略状语He was not hurt. (How) Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪！7. 同时省略几个成分 a. Are you feeling better now? 你觉得
9、好些了吗？(I am feeling ) Much better (now) 好多了。b. (I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好运/祝你顺利。(二)并列复合句中的省略在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如：The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy) handed it to a policeman.这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。Your advice made me happy but (your advice made) Tom angry.你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。To
10、m must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽一直在写作业。(三)主从复合句中的省略1. 状语从句中的省略一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：由when, while, as, before, after, till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether, if, unless等引导的条件状语从句；由though, although, even if, whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由as, than等引导的比较
11、状语从句；由as, as if, as though等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下面原则：(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词(as, as if, once) + 名词；连词(though, whether, when) + 形容词；连词(whether, as if, while) + 介词短语；连词(when, while, though) + 现在分词；连词(when, if, even if, unless, once, until, than, as) + 过去分词；连词(as if, as
12、 though) + 不定式。如：a. Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret. 趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。b. He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something. 他到处看似乎在找什么东西。c. The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这次展览比被预料的有趣的多。注意：当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，间或也有这样的省略，如：Her father told her to be care
13、ful when (she was) crossing the street. 当她过马路时父亲告诉她要当心。当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if, unless, when, whenever)+形容词的结构。如：Unless (it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。2. 定语从句中的省略(1)一般说来，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom可以省略；如：Is this reason (
14、that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 这就是他在会上解释他工作中粗心的原因吗？而在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词which, whom不可以省略。试比较：Tom (whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.( whom可以省) 你昨天见到的汤姆病倒了。Tom, whom you saw yesterday, fell ill. (whom不可以省) 汤姆病倒了，你昨天见到他了。(2)在口语和非正式用语中，关系副词when, where和why经常用that来代替，甚至还可省略。如：This is the first time (when/that) he had trouble with the boss. 这是他第一次麻烦老板。(3)当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句应该用that或in which来引导，或省略。如：I dont like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你嘲笑他的行为。3. 宾语从句中的省略(1)在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词
