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1、第一节 否定意义前缀1.纯否定前缀 a-, an-, dis-, in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, non-, un-: nota-/an-:symmetryasymmetrysexualasexualtheismatheismpathetic apatheticsocial asocialdis-:order disorderhonestdishonestappeardisappearorganizeddisorganizedpassionatedispassionatein-, ig-, il-, im-,ir-:capable incapablesensitiveinse
2、nsitivenoble ignoblelogical illogicalmoral immoralmortal immortalpurity impurityreversible irreversiblenon-:sense nonsenseexistent nonexistentstop nonstopfiction nonfictionviolent nonviolentun-:real unrealfortunate unfortunatespecialized unspecializedcivilized uncivilizededucated uneducated? in-/un-
3、Unapt=inaptUnreligious=irreligiousUnexpressive=inexpressiveInexpressibleUnpractical=impracticalImpracticable1. Un-通常不用在贬义词前Kind unkindWorthy unworthyFoolish cleverUgly beautifulBad good2. in-/im-开头的字用un-否定unimportant uninhabitable3. 后缀-ate, -ent, -ant, -ite, -ible的单词， 多用in-否定Inadequate irrelevant in
4、dependent indefinite indefensible 4. 后缀-able, -ed, -ful, -ing, -ory, -some的单词， 多用un-否定Unable undecided unsuccessful unceasing unsatisfactory Special examples:Unlike dislikeUnmoral immoral amoralUncomfortable discomfort2. 倒转意义前缀reversing prefix: de-, dis-, un-De-: to remove, to reverse the effect of
5、an actionFrost defrostCeler (stem)decelerateCentralize decentralizeFend defendCompose decomposeCode decodeDis-: to reverse, to removeCourage discourageConnect disconnectArm disarmOrganize disorganizeProof disproofUn-: to reverse some action or stateHook unhookFold unfoldFasten unfastenLock unlockLoa
6、d unloadWrap unwrapsayunsay3. 反对前缀anti-, contra-, counter-, ob-:against, opposite toAnti-/ant-:Pathos antipathythesisantithesiswar antiwararcticAntarcticbodyantibodybioticantibioticabortion antiabortioncontro-, contra-, contre-diction contradictionpositioncontrapositionvene(stem come)contravenevert(
7、stem turn)controvertcounter-:act counteractbalancecounterbalancepartcounterpartproductive counterproductiveclockwisecounterclockwiseob-, oc-, of-, op-:ject(stem)objectfendoffendpressoppressposeopposeSpecial examples:a-: not atonal place where ashore a state asleep awake alivedis: not disapprove diso
8、beyreverse/remove disengagein-: not inaccurate in income inland insideun-: not unfaira reversal of some action bend-unbend第二节 空间方位前缀1. 前ante-, fore-, pre-, pro-Ante-: beforeRoom-anteroomDate-antedateCede(stem go)-antecedentBell-antebellumFore-: beforeTell-foretellHead-foreheadFather-forefatherSee-fo
9、reseeWord-forewordRunner-forerunnerBode-forebodeArm-forearmPre-: beforeSchool-preschoolHistoric-prehistoricFix-prefixheat-preheatcaution-precautioncede(stem go)-precededict-predictdestination-predestinationpro-: forwardgress-progressject-projectlong-prolongmin-prominentmote-promotepel-propelspect-pr
10、ospecttrude-protrude2. 后post-, re-, retro-: after, backward, returnPost-: afterWar-postwarGraduate-postgraduateScript-postscriptDoctoral-postdoctoralDate-postdateRe-: backwardGress-regressCede-recedeTract-retractTurn-returnCall-recallClaim-reclaimBound-reboundRetro-: backwardCede-retrocedeSpect-retr
11、ospectAction-retroactionFlex-retroflex3. 上over-, super-, sur-, hyper-, epi-: above, excessive, too muchOver: 1. above, onlook-overlookcast-overcastcoat-overcoatcome-overcome2. excessive, too much work-overworkdose-overdosecorrect-overcorrectestimate-overestimateweight-overweightsleep-oversleepsuper-
12、: above, beyondsuperman supermarket superstar superpower supernatural superscript supersonic superstructure supervisesur-: over, abovemount-surmountface-surfacename-surnamepass-surpassplus-surplusreal-surrealvive-survivehyper-: excessive, too muchhypercriticalhypersensitivehypertensionhyperboleepi-:
13、 aboveepidermalepigramepithet4. 下under-, sub-, de-, hypo-, infra-: under, below, down, lowSub-:underSubwaySubmarineSubconsciousSubstandardSubnormalSubscribeDe-: downDepressDevalueDegenerateDegradeDefameUnder-: below, less than UndergroundUnderlineUnderestimateUndercurrentUnderdevelopedUndergraduateHypo-: under, beneathHypotensionHypocrisyHypothesisHypothermiaInfra-: BelowInfrastructureInfraredinfrasound5. 内in-, im-, intro-, ,intra, en-, em-: in, insideIn-: in enterIndoor inland inject incisive incorporate invad
