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1、-机电工程学院毕 业 论 文论文题目: 机床滚珠丝杠热分析及热补偿 学生：*：专业班级：指导教师：2011年5月25日摘 要现代制造技术正日益向高速化、精细化、自动化、智能化方向开展。数控机床在加工零件运行过程中，由于机床运动部件间的摩擦生热及周围环境热源的影响等诸多因素都将引起机床热变形。当机床中*些涉及定位、传动的零部件受到热变形影响时，就会造成机床精度下降，甚至无法制造出符合公差要求的产品。因此，对机床滚珠丝杠进展热特性分析，并根据分析得出的温度场和位移云图总结如何对其进展补偿是很有必要的。本文以工艺装备制造公司生产的DZHQ120型号工作台所配备的滚珠丝杠为热分析研究对象，首先建立实体
2、模型，再用有限元分析方法建立有限元模型，并借助ANSYS热分析模块对滚珠丝杠进展热特性分析，获得仿真结果，为实施热变形补偿提供理论依据。最后根据热分析结果，提出它的热变形补偿方案。本文主要工作概括为如下几个方面：1.通过查阅资料建立滚珠丝杠三维温度场数学模型，以及结合弹性力学、热变形根本方程和有限元理论建立热变形数学模型。2.根据滚珠丝杠尺寸通过PRO/E建立CAD实体模型，将它导入ANSYS中划分网格，从而建立热特性有限元模型，为CAE分析奠定根底。3.通过分析计算得出滚珠丝杠上热源以及边界条件相关数据，加载求解后得出温度梯度图和热变形位移图。4.根据有限元热特性计算结果,通过查看丝杠节点温
3、度和变形情况选取测温点，提出热补偿方案。关键词： 滚珠丝杠 热特性 有限元 ANSYS 热补偿Title The thermal analysis and thermal pensation of the screw ball AbstractModern manufacturing techniques are increasingly developing todirection of high-speed, precision, automation and intelligent. C machine operation in the processing part, due to t
4、he friction heat between moving parts of machine tools and the heat of the surrounding environment and many other factors will cause the machine tool thermal deformation. When the machineparts involved in some of the positioning and the drive are influenced by the thermal deformation, it will result
5、 in the decrease of the accuracy of machine,even it can not manufacture the products to meet tolerance requirements. Therefore, to analysis the thermal characteristics of ball screw machine, and it is necessary for concluding how to pensate with the analysis derived from the temperature field and di
6、splacement cloud chart. In this paper, the ball screw equippedin DZHQ120 work table which is made by process equipment manufacturing pany in Nanjing is as the model for the study of thermal analysis, first is to establish solid model, then establish finite element model by the finite element analysi
7、s, and using ANSYS thermal analysis module analysis the thermal characteristic of ball screw, and obtain the simulation results for thermal deformation pensation providing a theoretical basis. Finally, based on thermal analysis results, raisingprogram of thermal deformation pensation. The work of th
8、is paper summarized the following aspects: 1. Through reading relative information to establish three-dimensional temperature field model of the ball screw, and bine elasticity, the basic equation of thermal deformation and the finite element theory to establish thermal deformation model. 2. Accordi
9、ng to ball screw size to establish CAD solid model by PRO / E, it would mesh when it is imported into ANSYS,so establishing thermal characteristic finite element model, for founding base of the CAE analysis. 3. It can be got the relevant data of heat on the ball screw and boundary conditionsby analy
10、zing, then it canobtain the heat distortion temperature gradient map and displacement mapafter loading and solving. 4. According to the calculations of thermal characteristic of the finite element,then byviewing temperature and deformation condition ofthe screw ball nodes to selecttemperature measur
11、ement point, last to raisethermal pensation program. 朗读显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音KeywordsBallscrew Thermal characteristics Finite element ANSYS Thermal deformation pensation目 录1绪论61.1 课题研究目的和意义 61.2 国外研究现状 71.3 主要研究容 82 滚珠丝杠热特性有限元建模 102.1 传热根本理论 10 理论解析 10 实验方法11 比较类比方法11 数值计算方法112.2 温度场计算的有限单元法12 傅里叶定律12 牛顿冷却公式1
12、3 导热微分方程及定解条件13.1 时间条件15.2 边界条件15 稳态温度场的有限元法172.3 热变形的有限元法20 热变形有限元法方程的矩阵形式20 热变形根本方程23 热弹性有限元法232.4 滚珠丝杠有限元模型的建立24 滚珠丝杠三维CAD模型建立25 滚珠丝杠向CAE模型的转化25 单元类型26 材料属性27 网格划分272.5 小结283 滚珠丝杠温度场分析283.1 滚珠丝杠边界条件的计算29 滚珠丝杠热源及边界条件分析29.1 滚动轴承摩擦热的计算29.2 滚珠丝杠副摩擦力矩的计算32 滚珠丝杠对流边界条件的计算323.2 滚珠丝杠相关性能参数32 滚珠丝杠螺母副介绍32 所选滚珠丝杠尺寸参数35 材料物理性能参数383.3 滚珠丝杠热源计算 383.4 温度场的稳态分析 403.5 小结 4
