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1、 2022年年职称英语英汉对照上百例精选(第四十二篇)42、万能的铅笔 1. The lead pencil is one of the most used pieces of merchandise in the world. It is the simplest, most convenient and least expensive of all writing instruments. 1、铅笔是这个世界上使用的最多的商品之一。在全部的书写工具中，它最简洁，最便利，。 2. Perhaps the most surprising thing about the lead pencil
2、is that it is not lead at all. And it is not a pencil. The “lead“ is actually graphite from the Greek word “to write.“ The word “pencil“ is from Latin. The first pencils were fine or stiff brushes of hair. 2、可能关于铅笔最让人惊讶的事情是它根本就不是铅做的，而英语PENCIL也不是笔的意思。所谓的铅实际上是石墨，英语的“LEAD”源自希腊语的“写”。英语中的“PENCIL”源自拉丁语，是指
3、用毛制作的细致的硬刷子。 3. American pencil makers turn out their product by the millions. Probably there is no more useful article in the world. As one wise person remarked: “Everything begins with a pencil. Whether it”s a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil.“ 3、美国的铅笔制造商生产了数以百万计的铅笔。在这个世界上可能
4、没有比铅笔更有用的东西了。由于一个智者曾经这样评述“一切都开头于一支铅笔，无论它是一个别针还是一艘战舰，它的第一个表述都来自一支铅笔。” 4. There is a pencil for every purpose. In fact, the industry now supplies 370 different types and styles in more than 70 different colors and in 18 degrees of hardness. 4、一支铅笔可以用于不同的书写目的。事实上，工业界现在供应着370种不同种类不同风格、超过70种不同颜色、18种不同硬度的
5、铅笔。 5. Some write clearly on slippery surfaces, such as glass and plastic. Surgeons use a special pencil for outlining the operation area on the patient”s skin, and packing-plants use another type to write identification on sides of beef. There is even a special electric pencil used for tests checke
6、d by electronic machines. 5、某些铅笔可以在光滑的外表诸如玻璃、塑料上清楚书写。外科医生使用一种特别的铅笔在病人的皮肤上勾画出手术区域。包装厂使用另外一种类型的铅笔在牛肉的侧面写上识别名码。甚至有一种用来帮助电子仪器进展测试的特别的电子笔。 6. There are many novelty pencils. Some have the Ten Commandments, calendars or the multiplication table on them. Some are in the shape of umbrellas, canes, baseball
7、bats and traffic signals. One may be 12 feet long, while others are only 1/2 inch. 6、还有很多新奇的铅笔。有的上面有（基督教的教条的）十诫、日历或者乘法表。有的铅笔被做成雨伞、手杖、棒球、甚至交通信号灯的样子。有的可能长达12英尺，而另有一些只有半英寸长。 7. One recent novelty is a pencil with paper in it. A small roll of paper fits in the center of the pencil and is drawn out throu
8、gh a slit in the side. Its just the thing for those who are always looking for a scrap of paper. 7、最近的一种新颖铅笔，里面有一卷纸。小小的一卷纸恰好放在铅笔的中心局部，纸可以通过在铅笔边的缝抽出来。它适用于那些总是需要小纸片的人。 8. A popular idea is that a check, will, or other legal paper written in pencil is not legal. This is not true. Any legal document whi
9、ch does not specify otherwise can be legally signed in pencil. 8、一般认为用铅笔签署的支票或其它法律性文件是不合法的。事实并不是这样。任何法律文件只要没有明确指出，都可以用铅笔签署。 9. By one means or another, man has been writing for thousands of years. The Greeks and Romans used metallic lead for drawing faint lines. But it was not until around 1400 A.D.
10、 that graphite, the main part of the modern pencil, first appeared. And for a long time it was used without any covering. 9、无论怎样，人类数千年来始终在书写。古希腊和古罗马人使用金属铅来画暗淡的线。但是直到公元142022年，现代铅笔的主要局部石墨才被发觉，并且在相当长一段时间，都是用没有木头外套的石墨直接书写。 10. About a century and a half later, in 1564, a high wind blew over a heavy oak
11、 tree near Cumberland, England. The earth revealed a slab of black rock which was actually a huge deposit of almost pure graphite. Shepherds used it to brand their sheep. George II controlled the graphite by declaring it a crime to ship it out of the country. 10、大约一个半世纪之后，也就是1546年，在英国坎伯兰郡四周，一场大风吹倒了一棵大橡树，一层厚厚的黑色岩石在地表显露出来，这实际上是一块巨大的几乎纯洁的石墨矿藏。当地的牧羊人用它给自己的羊打标记。乔治二世为了掌握石墨开采，宣告用船运石墨出国是一种犯罪。
