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1、核心词汇lash v.鞭打 突然摇动猛烈打击 n. 鞭子,鞭打【例句】The waves are lashing against the rocks.波浪冲击着岩石。The cat lashed her tail.这只猫急速摇动着尾巴。He lashed out at the oppositions policies. 他猛烈抨击反对派的政策He beat the prisoner with a lash.他用鞭子抽打囚犯。【搭配】lash out (at, against)攻击，猛击 【近义】flog v.鞭打，严厉批评whip n.鞭子， 车夫v.鞭打, 抽打, 突然移动【易混】slash
2、 v.大量削减, 严历批评, 抽打n.猛砍, (大幅度)削减, 斜线scoff n. 嘲弄的话，嘲笑v.嘲弄，嘲笑狼吞虎咽【例句】He ignored the scoffs of the critics. 他没有理睬那些批评者的嘲笑。I told them my ideas but they scoffed at them.我把自己的想法告诉他们，但他们嗤之以鼻。A hundred years ago people scoffed at the idea that that man would ever fly.一百年前人们嘲笑人类有一天会飞上天的想法。Who has scoffed all
3、the pastries down?谁把点心全吃完了？【派生】scoffer n.嘲笑者 illusion n. 假象，错觉【例句】He cherished the illusion that she loved him, but he was wrong. 他抱有她爱他的幻觉，但他错了。 A mirage is an optical illusion.海市蜃楼是一种视错觉.They were under the illusion that the company was doing well, but in fact it was in serious trouble.他们误以为该公司生意很
4、好，但实际上它陷于严重的困境之中。I have no illusion about his ability.我对他的能力不抱任何幻想。【搭配】cherish the illusion 抱有幻觉be under an illusion有错觉，误以为 have no illusion about对不抱幻想【辨析】illusion 和delusion。illusion使人们可能有理由信以为真的事情，但实际上是虚假的； delusion是（可能只有一个人）信以为真的事，但很明显是假的，例如：The patient suffers from the delusion that he is Napoleo
5、n.（那个病人患有妄想症，总觉得自己是拿破仑。）【派生】illusory ( or illusive ) a.产生幻觉的, 幻影的, 错觉的, 虚假的, 不牢靠的devastate v. 毁坏，蹂躏，使荒芜【例句】Our Embassy was devastated by three bombs of NATO. 我们的使馆被北约的三枚炸弹炸毁了。We were devastated by the news of the wreck.我们获悉失事的消息感到十分震惊。She was devastated by his death.她因他去世而悲痛欲绝。【派生】devastating a.破坏性的
6、，毁灭性的devastation n.毁坏glance v. 瞥视，匆匆一看闪光n.瞥视，一瞥【例句】She glanced round the room before she left. 她略微环视了一下房间才离开。The glasses glanced and twinkled in the firelight.杯子在炉火照耀下闪闪发亮。At first glance, the figures dont look good, but on closer examination youll find theyre not bad at all.乍一看，这些人像画得不怎么样，但再仔细看看，你就
7、会发现它们画得还不错。I could tell at a glance that hed been crying.我一看就知道她哭过。【搭配】at a glance一看就【辨析】glance和glimpse。glance意指“对某物迅速地看一眼”； glimpse或更通用的catch a glimpse of意指“一瞬间，偶然的一看”例如：I glimpsed/caught a glimpse of the Town Clock as we drove quickly past.（我们开车很快经过那里时，我猛然看到市政厅的时钟。） careen v.左右摇晃地行驶，摇摇摆摆向前冲【例句】As
8、the bus careened down the hill, the passengers were thrown roughly from side to side. 当汽车摇晃着从小山坡上疾驶而下时，乘客们被颠得东倒西歪。The driver lost control and the car careened down the hill.因司机失控, 那辆汽车就横冲直撞地冲下山去.【易混】career n.事业，职业 v.猛冲，飞奔ultimate a. 极限的，最的【例句】Our ultimate objective is the removal of all nuclear weap
9、ons. 我们的最终目标是消除所有核武器。The ultimate luxury of the trip was flying in Concorde.这一行程中最大的享受就是乘坐协和式飞机。Their ultimate weapon was the threat of an all-out strike. 他们最后的杀手锏是威胁举行大罢工。dilemma n.进退两难的局面，困难的抉择【例句】Faced with the dilemma, he opted for soldiering on.面临着进退两难的困境，他决定顽强地坚持下去。The bad weather put us in a
10、dilemma.糟糕的天气使我们进退两难。The patient needed an operation but there was no guarantee that she would survive the anaesthetic; the surgeon was on the horns of a dilemma. 病人需要手术，但又无法保证她是否能经受得住麻醉剂，外科医生处于进退两难的境地。【搭配】on the horns of a dilemma ad.进退两难confusion n. 混乱（状态）困惑，分辨不清【例句】Their unexpected arrival threw
11、our plan into confusion.他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。The most brilliant person may be mired in detail and confusion.即使是最聪明的人也会陷入琐事与混乱之中。This misprint led to great confusion.这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。soak v.浸，泡，浸湿，湿透【例句】Leave the dirty clothes to soak. 把脏衣服浸在水里泡。 First, soak the beans in water for two hours. 首先，先把豆子放在水里浸泡两小时
12、。 Dont stand out there: youll get soaked through.你别站在外边，要不全身都要湿透了。race v. （使）快速移动（行进），（使）疾走n. 种族赛跑【例句】Hearing the bell, we raced to the class. 听到铃声，我们赶快跑去上课。We raced the sick woman to hospital.我们急忙把这生病的女子送往医院。The law forbids discrimination on the grounds of race or religion.法律禁止以种族区别或宗教信仰为理由实行歧视。It
13、was a race against time to stop people dying from starvation.为抢救那些即将饿死的人而分秒必争。【搭配】race against (between, with) 速度比赛，赛跑descent n. 下降，降落，降下世系【例句】There was a descent of temperature after rain. 雨后气温下降了。Passengers must fasten their seat belts prior to descent.降落以前，请乘客系紧安全带。He traces his descent back to a
14、n old Norman family.他追踪自己的世系上溯至一个古老的诺曼家族。【反义】ascent n. 上升【派生】descend v. 走下，下来，下降descendant n.子孙【易混】descendent a. 派生的contract v.（使）缩小，（使）收缩定契约，立合同 n./ kntrkt / 合约，婚约，立约【例句】Metal contracts as it cools. 金属冷却时收缩。 When we work a muscle we cause it to contract and become bigger. 当我们锻炼一块肌肉时，我们使其收缩变大。The ci
15、ty contracted for a library with their firm.市政当局和他们公司订立了修建图书馆的合同。Marriage is, first of all, a contract which must be governed by justice.婚姻首先是一种契约，它必须以公正为制约。Im not a permanent employee; Im working here on a fixed-term contract.我并不是永久雇员，而是根据定期合同在此工作的。stoop v. 俯身，弯腰屈服n.佝偻,弯腰【例句】We had to stoop to pass through the low entrance. 我们得弯腰过这道矮门。Dont stoop to quarrel with her about it.别降低身份为这
