《初中英语名词讲解及专项练习-精编.》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语名词讲解及专项练习-精编.(5页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、1名词(课时:2)一 介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二名词的分类:专有名词 ( 人名,地名,机构 ) William,Linda, Canada,China,the United Nations, WTO 普通名词 可数名词: 包括 单数(只有一个) 和 复数(两个以上). 不可数名词: 只有单数. 物质名词 milk, water, tea, bread,beef, meat, rice, fish, coffee,sugar,salt 抽象名词 information, friendship, knowledge, work, advice, science, ne
2、ws, weather 三重点:单数名词 变 复数名词 的规则:1. 一般情况下,加“s”. eg: books,stamps, pens, tables 2. 以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,加 “es” eg: buses, boxes, foxes, watches, matches, beaches, coaches, brushes 3. 以 “o ”, 结尾的,加 “es ”or “s ” eg: Negroes ni:gr、 heroes、 volcanoes vlken、 tomatoes、 potatoes、 radios、 pianos、 zoos、 photos、
3、bamboos、video 需加es的记忆技巧:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)在火山上(volcano)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)4. 以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es ”. eg: city - cities, country - countries, family - families, story - stories 5. 以“f” 或 “fe” 结尾的, 把“f” 或 “fe”变为“ves”。 eg: thiefthieves wifewives life - lives halfhalves leaf - leaves, kni
4、fe - knives,wolf wolves, shelfshelves, loafloaves 记忆技巧:贼人(thief)的妻子(wife)在她一生(life)中用半(half)片树叶(leaf)当刀子(knife)杀死了七匹狼(wolf)然后去偷架子(shelf)上的面包(loaf)。 6)不规则变化: man - men, woman - women, policeman - policemen, child - children, ox - oxen foot - feet, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, mouse - mice, fish - fi
5、sh, sheep - sheep deer - deer, meansmeans, Chinese - Chinese, Japanese - Japanese 注意: 当 man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时,man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。 例如: a man teacher - men teachers; a woman teacher - women teachers 四重点: 名词的所有格 (- 的) (1)单数名词词尾加 s ; 以 s 结尾的单数名词, 则只加 . the boys bag; Marys cap; Mr Jamesoffice (
6、2)复数名词 如果不以 s 结尾,则加 s ; 复数名词 如果以 s 结尾, 则只加 . the Childrens Palace mens room the teachers reading-room 10 minuteswalk (3)如果表示 几个人共有一样东西,只需 在最后一个人的名字后面加 s . 如果表示 各自所有,就必须 在各个名字后面加 s . This is Tom and Marks room. These are Toms and Marks rooms. (4)the + 名词 of 名词 the windows of the house the name of the
7、 city the picture of the Tom s 结构 也可以转换成 of结构 the girls name - the name of the girl Toms friend - the friend of Tom (5)a + 名词 of 名词s / a + 名词 of 名词性物主代词 ( 表示“其中之一” ) a picture of Toms; a friend of mine 名词专项训练 1- Are there any in the zoo ? - Yes, there are some. A. panda B. lion C. tiger D. deer 2The
8、re is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital. A. man / woman B. man / women C. men / woman D. men / women 3- What can I do for you ? - Id like two . A. bottle of orange juice B. bottle of orange juices C. bottles of orange juice D. bottles of orange juices 4This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Anna and Jane B. Annas and Janes C. Annas and Jane D. Anna and J