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1、情态动词一、Definition:表示说话人对某一行为的态度和观点。二、常见的情态动词的用法1. can, could, be able to1) Man cannot live without water.We shall be able to finish the work next week.2) A: Could I watch the Olympics ?B: Yes, you can. No, you cant.3) How can he be so rude like this?在疑问句中用can表示惊讶，怀疑，不相信的语气。4) 推测（ 用于_句，_问）certaintyYou
2、 cantcouldnt be tired- youve only been working for an hour.（2005年全国）Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How cancould it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?(2001上海春季）5) The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the world Wide Wait because it can be very slow.（2005渐江）6)We cant have too
3、 many friends.2.may/might1）表示_ might比may 更_A: May I have a look at your photo?B: Yes, you may (can). No, you mustnt cant. No, youd better not.2).certainty推测（用于_句和_句）Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? Sorry, I am not sure. But it might be.Is John coming by train?（2002)He should, b
4、ut he may not. He likes driving his car.He may not have finished the work.(_）He cant have left without saying goodbye to them for he always had good manners.(_）may/might as well do sth. _Now that no one wants to eat the food, you _ as well throw it into the dustbin.3. must1). permission-Must I clean
5、 all the rooms?-Yes, you must. -No, you neednt No, you dont have to.mustnt _；_You mustnt speak like that to your mother.You mustnt miss the good chance.2).must, have to3）must 在疑问句中还表示“硬要，偏要，一定要”John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?3) 推测 (只用于_句）You must be hungry after the
6、 long walk.The classmates must have cleaned the classroom because it is very clean.The boys must be playing football on the playground.He plays basketball very well. He must have practiced it a lot.Our headmaster must have been to USA, for he knows the country so much. must have done 的反意疑问句 You must
7、 have seen the film, havent you? You must have seen the film last week, didnt you? His parents must have beaten him, havent they? His parents must have beaten him yesterday, didnt they?Practice:1.Mary _ be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes agoAmustnt Bcant Cshouldnt Dmay not2.Pet
8、er come with us tonight，but he isnt very sure yetA must B may C can D will 3.-Are you coming to Jeffs party-Im not sure I go to the concert insteadA must B would C should D might 4.It _ last night，for the ground was wet this morning Amust have rained Bmay have rained Cmust rain Dmight rain 5. Jenny
9、must have won the match,_?A. hasnt she B. doesnt she C. mustnt she D. cant she 6. The river is rising. It _last night.A.must be raining B. must rain C. might have rained D. must have rained7. Why! I couldnt get you on the phone this morning.We _tennis in the yard when you phoned.A. must be playing B
10、. could be playing C. must have played D. must have been playing8. You must have seen the film last night, _ you?A. havent B. mustnt C. didnt D. hadnt9. Mr. Zhou must be working in the office, _he? A. mustnt B. cant C. doesnt D. isnt10. There were already five people in the car, but they managed to
11、take me as well. It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been4. should/ought to 1).give adviceYou should not/ought not to eat a lot before swimming.The students should spend all their time working at their lessons.I often see lights in that empty house
12、. Do you think I should report it to the police.?2). Certainty(推测）常译成：_They should be there by now, I think.3)虚拟语气中的用法5. shall 1). permission常用于第_人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方意见Shall we/I /He/She/They do some exercise this morning?A: Shall he come in? B: Ok.2). 用于_人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令,警告，允诺，威胁You shall fail if you d
13、ont work harder.He shall have the book when I finish reading.He shall be punished.(威胁）-Excuse me ,but I want to use your computer to type a report.-You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.(2005湖南） A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt3) 一些条约、规章制度中的规定，必须做或不能做的事。The students shant go
14、out after 12.6.will/would1) .决心(可译为决心(不),一定要)I will make this radio work even if I have to stay up all night.I wont have anything said against her.I promised I would do my best2). 习惯（可译为总是，老是）He will sit for hours reading.He will talk for hours if you give him the chanceHe would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.3). 表示意愿（人愿意, 肯，会）倾向(物能力）If you will allow me ,I will see you home.He wouldnt let the doctor take his blood pressure.-Look, the lights are burning. - Oh yes, I will
