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1、细心整理中学英语语法简洁总结：中学语法难在困难，要记忆的学问点太多、太杂，我结合中学的语法要求大纲简洁总结了我个人认为比拟主要的学问点。大体把握思路，知道都有哪些学问点，然后多看、多做题，总结常常错的学问点，其实学问点是有限的，只要多看几遍，多过滤几遍，就会发觉漏网之鱼已经很少了。下文总结了十二个要点：1、主谓一样2、时态3、语态4、非谓语动词5、情态动词6、虚拟语气7、句子种类8、名词性从句9、状语从句10、定语从句11、强调句12、倒装句当然以上并不是全部要点，还有一些比拟根底的，比方：祈使句、省略句、名词等学问点比拟简洁，在平常做题中自然而然就积累下来了，不须要刻意背诵。一、主谓一样 主
2、谓一样的关键在于，分条记清楚，不要混淆。1、 以动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；To study English well is not easy.动词不定式短语作主语Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 动名词短语作主语 What he said is very important for us all. 从句作主语2、 由连接词and或bothand连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但假设所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。The writer and artist has co
3、me.由and 连接的并列单数主语前假如分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数对待。Every student and every teach is in the classroom.Many a boy and many a girl likes it.No boy and no girl likes it.Each of us has a new b
4、ook. Is everyone here today?Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter假设none of 后面的名词是不行数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。假设它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。None of the sugar was left. None of us has (have) been to America.3、 在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应及句中先行词的数一样。画线为先行词Those who want to go
5、please write their names on the blackboard.He is one of my friends who are working hard.He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.4、 在强调句型中应及被强调局部一样。It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.5、 假如集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式； 假如它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形
6、式。His family has moved to the south .(他的一家) His family are watching TV.他的家人6、由a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要依据短语中后面名词的数而定。There are a lot of people in the classroom. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea
7、.50 percent of the students in our class are girls.此外，还有a number of +复数名词有类似的用法用复数，但the number of +复数名词的数就得依number 而定用单数。A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples.The number of pages in this book is three hundred.6、 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应及其后的主语一样。There comes the bus.Between th
8、e two hills stands a monument.7、 表数量的短语“one and a half”后面接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。One and a half apples is left on the table.8、 一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等。都属于形式上是复数的名词， 实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。I dont think physics is easy to study.9、“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人动词用复数；
9、假设表示某一类东西时，动词用单数。The old are taken good care of there.老人们The beautiful gives pleasure to all.奇妙的东西10、there be 句型中be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。假如其后是由and 连接的两个主语，那么应及靠近的那个主语保持一样，即就近一样。There are two chairs and a desk in the room.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.11、主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but,
10、 like, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, besides, along with, including, in addition to 等引起的短语， 谓语动词要跟主语一样，即就远一样。Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.A woman with a baby was on the bus.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.She, like you and Tom, i
11、s very tall.The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.No one except my teachers knows anything about it.二、动词的时态动词的时态是日常口语、写作都要用到的，并不仅仅局限于考试，所以是一个英语语法的根底。对于应用考试，时态的难点通常是过去完成时、过去进展时、将来完成时，难在时间点、时间段的判别，通常会有关键词比方agosince等等，假如没有关键词就要结合语境判定时间的持续性和连续性。1、 一般此时此刻时：do/does,( 系动词is/am/are )1一
12、般此时此刻时表示常常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、实力等。2主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般此时此刻时表示将来。Ill go there after I finish my work.If it rains tomorrow,I wont go there.3在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般此时此刻时表示正在发生的动作。There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。2、 一般过去时：did,( 系动词was/were)表达特定
13、的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内常常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。3、 此时此刻进展时：is/am/are doing1表示正在进展的动作。2表示按打算支配即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。3代替一般此时此刻时，描绘更加生动。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。4、 过去进展时：was/were doing1表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进展的动作这一过去时间须用时间状语表示He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2表示动作在另
14、一过去动作发生时进展They were still working when I left.3用在两个过去进展时动作同时发生I was writing while he was watching TV.4表示过去将来动作He said she was arriving the next day.5、 此时此刻完成时：has/have done1表示过去发生的动作对此时此刻产生的影响或结果，说话时已完成的动作。I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2表示从过去起先，待续到此时此刻的动作或状态，往往和“for.”, “since.
15、”表述的一段时间状语连用。He has learned English for six years.3表示“曾经到过某地人已回来”用“have/has been to”，表示“到某地去了还未回来”用“have/has gone to”。 Where is Li Hua? He has gone to the reading-room.She knows a lot about Shanghai.She has been there.4短暂动词即瞬间动词，join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其确定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。不能说：He has joined the army for three years.要翻译“他已参军已经三年了。”可接受“ago法”He joined the army three years ago.“持续法”He has been in
