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1、二、文体写作一点通(一)应用文应用文是一种常见的文体。在日常生活、学习和工作中,个人与个人之间的交往,个人与集体之间的联系,集体与集体之间的往来,都需要用文字进行交流,这种用于交流的文章称为应用文。应用文的语言必须平实、准确、简洁,格式规范,结构严谨,信息真实。应用文的种类繁多,如书信、通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记、广告、海报、电子邮件、寻物启事、招领启事、邀请函等。从近几年的高考书面表达可以发现,在每年的高考题中,应用文占相当大的比例。2013年的18套试卷中有12套考查了应用文,2014年的18套试卷中有13套考查了应用文。2015年的15套试卷中有9套考查了应用文,其中书信和电子邮件仍是应
2、用文中最常见的写作体裁,如:新课标全国、新课标全国、北京卷写作任务(一)、四川卷、天津卷、重庆卷写作(二)、陕西卷等。下面着重讲解书信、电子邮件等常见应用文体的写作技巧。1.书信书信是人们进行书面交流的文体,主要包括私人信件、公务信函。英文书信大致分为私人信件(Personal letter)和业务信件(Business letter)两类。前者通常指私人间来往的信件;后者指单位与单位或单位与个人之间,因接洽工作而来往的信件,主要包括商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。英文书信格式通常包括以下六个部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名六个部分。高考中的书信,信的开头和结尾一般在题
3、目中都已经给出,只要求学生写出正文。 正文的内容可以是记述一件事情、讨论一些问题、说明某个事理、解释某个原因等,究其实质,就是记叙文、说明文、议论文在实际生活中的应用。1.书信常用开头语Thank you for your letter dated July 2.感谢你7月2日的来信。Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to.很高兴收到你询问我关于如何(做、学)的信。We are planning to visit the nursing home to celebrate Chongyang Festival
4、and wed like to invite you to join us.我们计划去敬老院庆祝重阳节,诚心邀请你(们)加入。What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!收到你5月5日的来信真是一件乐事!It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.看到你隽秀的字迹总是让我兴奋不已。With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that.从你这个周日的来信中我高兴地得知I am very much pleas
5、ed to inform you that.我很高兴地通知你How is everything with you lately?最近一切可好?I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.我想申请你们提供的教师职位。Thank you for your warm congratulations.感谢你的热烈的祝贺。2.信中语tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事get information about.得到关于的信息in addition并且;除此以外(还有)explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事
6、write sb.a letter saying.给某人写信说thank you for.感谢你hear from sb.收到某人的来信talk about/of sth.谈论某事apart from the above除了以上所提whats more不止如此3.结束语Looking forward to your early reply.期盼尽快收到你的回复。Hoping to hear from you soon.希望尽快收到你的回复。Im expecting your answer!期盼您的回复!Your early reply will be highly appreciated.如蒙
7、早日回复,将不胜感激。Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.如需其他详情,当欣然奉告。If you agree with me,please call me at 2856688.如果你同意我的意见,请打电话2856688。Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other question Id be happy to help.如果您感兴趣并有任何其他问题请让我知道,我将乐于帮助您。I hope you can enjoy y
8、ourself.希望你能玩得开心。Please accept my gratitude!请接受诚挚的谢意!Thank you for your time and kind consideration.多谢你能抽出宝贵时间给予考虑。1.投诉信模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)提出投诉内容;(2)说明具体情况;(3)提出解决办法。Dear ,I am (自我介绍).Im writing to you for something/to tell you something about (投诉的内容)./Im sorry to write to you,but I feel it my respons
9、ibility to do so,because (投诉内容).The reason for my dissatisfaction is (总体介绍).In the first place, (抱怨的第一个方面).In addition, (抱怨的第二个方面).Under these circumstances,I find it (感觉)to (抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).Id appreciate it very much if you could (提出建议和请求),preferably (进一步的要求),and I would like to have this matter sett
10、led by (设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua2.建议信模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)点出建议的主题;(2)说明建议的内容;(3)表达愿望。Dear ,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to (引出对方需要建议的主题).Here are a few suggestions.First,it is important t
11、o (建议一).Then,it also helps to (建议二).Besides,it should be a good idea to (建议三).You can also (根据要求用不同的句式提出建议).As to (其他的建议),I suggest (需要具体到某一方面).In addition,(其他的建议).Im sure (预测可能的结果,给对方以行动的信心和决心).I hope you will find my suggestions useful and Im looking forward to (表达愿望).Sincerely yours,Li Hua3.祝贺信模板
12、一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)写清祝贺事由;(2)回顾受贺人的成功经历;(3)进一步表达自己的祝愿。Dear, I have learned with delight that you (祝贺事由).I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on (祝贺事由).You must be (被祝贺人的心情).And I feel very happy for you. (所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news!I know this is surely owing to (被祝贺人过去的努力).It is a
13、 reward you richly deserve for your (被祝贺人的优点).Kindly let me know when you (咨询对方何时有空).I hope (表达自己的愿望).My best wishes for your further success.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【实例1】(2015新课标全国)假定你是李华,你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿,要点如下:1.栏目介绍;2.稿件内容;3.稿件长度:约400词;4.交稿日期:6月28日前。注意:1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增
14、加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头语已为你写好。Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper. One possible version:Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals,an
