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1、 初中英语听力材料：医生们错误的认为肥胖完全是因为懒惰Doctors are guilty of wrongly believing that obese people are simply lazy, research suggests.讨论说明：医生们错误的认为肥胖完全是由于懒散，他们这样说是有罪的。 Researchers at Yale University said the findings highlight the difficulty in tackling the stigma around obesity. 耶鲁大学的讨论者们说该结果突出了一个问题要解除肥胖带来的恶名不那么
2、简单。 Many obese people complain that others believe they are overweight simply because they eat too much or fail to exercise. 很多肥胖的人埋怨说别人都以为他们过度肥胖就是由于他们贪吃，或者是缺乏运动。 This is despite the fact that obesity can be caused by a variety of other factors, such as genes and environment. 然而事实并非如此。造成肥胖的因素多种多样，例如
3、基因和环境。 Dr Marlene Schwartz and colleagues carried out psychological tests on 389 professionals who treat and study obese people. 马琳施瓦茨医生和他的同事对389名治疗和讨论肥胖病人的医护人员进展了心理测试。 They found that younger professionals, in particular, were most likely to have unfavourable stereotypes of obese people. 他们发觉特殊是一些较
4、年轻的医护人员更简单对肥胖病人有偏见。 Workers who did not deal directly with obese patients were also inclined to see them in an unfavourable light. 那些不直接和肥胖病人打交道的工作人员也倾向于对他们另眼相看。 “On both implicit and explicit measures, health professionals associated the stereotypes lazy, stupid and worthless with obese people,“ sa
5、id Dr Schwartz. “不管是用含蓄的还是直接的方式，医护人员总是将懒散、愚蠢、无用和肥胖的人联系起来，”施瓦茨医生说。 “The stigma of obesity is so strong that even those most knowledgeable about the condition infer that obese people have blameworthy behavioural characteristics that contribute to their problem, i.e. being lazy,“ she said. 她说：“肥胖的名声太坏，
6、甚至那些安康学问特别渊博的人也推断肥胖患者是由于养成了不当的行为习惯，例如懒散，才导致肥胖。” “Furthermore, these biases extend to core characteristics of intelligence and personal worth.“ “而且，这些偏见扩大到智力和个人价值等核心特征。” Dr Ian Campbell of the UK”s National Obesity Forum said he was not surprised by the findings and said they would probably be replic
7、ated if the test was carried out on British doctors. 英国国家肥胖论坛的伊恩坎贝尔医生说他对这样的发觉并不感到惊异，假如在英国医生中进展这样的测试，结果可能会雷同。 “It is disappointing but it is not surprising to see that health professionals have the same ingrained prejudice against obese people as the general public,“ he said. “医护人员和群众一样对肥胖病人有根深蒂固的偏见，
8、这一发觉让我们感到绝望但并不出乎意料，”他说。 “It is becoming increasingly clear that as much as 80% of people who are obese are predisposed genetically.“ “现在越来越明显，将近80%的肥胖病人是受基因的影响。” “Although it is very rare to find a case where obesity is purely genetic, there are many cases where it is not in the patient”s control.“ “尽管很少发觉肥胖完全是由于基因引起的，但是在很多病例中病人是无法掌握发胖的。” He said it was unhelpful for doctors to be biased against obese patients.
