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1、初中英语八大时态全套精讲及练习题.1 一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He watches Tv once a week .2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pri
2、de goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间
3、动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。二. 构成及变化 1、be动词的变化肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where i
4、s my bike?2、行为动词的变化 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如：Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?如： What do you often do
5、after school ?当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它如：Does he swim well?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句? 如： How does your father go to work?三、第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)(1)多数动词直接加s
6、: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs.(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es:studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other
7、day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years agojust now,等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were
8、 given a warm welcome.3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了 该了 It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示宁愿某人做某事 Id rather you came tomorrow.4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thoug
9、ht you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。)Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可
10、能指刚离去)注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2）情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike?3 used to / be used to used to + do：过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (
11、过去常常散步)be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或习惯于，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)典型例题- Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. - Its 69568442. A. didntB. couldntC. dontD. cant答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。二、构成及变化1. Be动词在一般过去
12、时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not= wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。2.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化：肯定句 ： 主语 + 动词的过去式 .I watched a film last Sunday .否定句 ： 主语+ didnt + 动词原形. I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑问句Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ? Di
13、d you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句 ? What did you do last Sunday ?3、现在进行时 一、意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。时间标志now，句前的look ,listen二、构成:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) Im doing my homework now .否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. Im not doin
14、g my homework now.一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? What are you doing now ?三、现在分词的构成：(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have havingride riding come coming(3)
15、以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping joggingsitting getting forgetting letting四、现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is le
