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1、动词时态与语态结构讲解动词的时态及结构进行完成完成进行现在workworksamisworkingarehavehasworkedhavehasbeendoing过去workedwaswereworkinghadworkedhadbeenworking将来willshallworkwillbeshallbeworkingwillshallhaveworkedwillshallhavebeenworked非延续性动词变延续性动词表leave离开beaway(from)catchacold感冒haveacoldbuy买havecomeback回来bebackborrow借keepmarry结婚be
2、marriedgetup起床beupcome来behereputon上演beongettoknow知道know动词的被动语态例句：IteachEnglish.我教英语。（主动语态）OurEnglishistaughtbyhim.我们的英语是由他教的。（被动语态）总结构：bedone（每个时态的助动词+过去分词）一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+done例句:Chineseislearntbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.一般过去时的被动语态was/were+done例句：Thehouseswerebuilttwentyyearsago.一般将来时的被动语态wil
3、l/shall/begoingto+bedone例句:Thesportsmeetingwillbeheldnextmonth.情态动词的被动语态can/could/may/might/must/should+bedone例句：Thecarshouldbecleaned.常用被动语态句式1. Itisbelievedthat人们相信)Itisbelievedthatthesecretwillbefoundout.人们相信秘密会被揭开。2. Itisreportedthat据寸艮道()Itisreportedthatanewairportwillbebuiltnextyear.据才艮道明年将建座机
4、场。3. Itissaidthat据说)Itissaidthatwewillhaveanewclassmate.据说我们将有一位新同学。状语从句及频度副词1 .原因状语从句because(ft接原因，语气最重，必然结果，用Why提问)Mr.Wrightwillsellitbecauseitdoesntwork.since(E然知晓，显然原因，侧重主句，语气稍弱)Sinceeveryoneishere,letsbeginourmeeting.as以旬原因，主旬结果，从主并重，口气较强)Asitisrainingheavily,wewontgototheseaside.for(并列连词，附加推断，
5、不放句首，逗号分开)Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundisstillwet.Ex.1)Heaskedforleavehewenttoseeadoctor.A.becauseB.whenC.untilD.if2 .结果状语从句sothat/suchthatEx.1)Shehasbeensickshecanghtndw/orkri3 )Quasimodoisanuglymanheisafraidtomeetpeople.4 .目的状语从句Ex.1)Youdbetterspeaklouderyoucanbeheardbyall.A.thoughB.sotha
6、tC.incaseD.until2) PleaseremindmeofthemeetingagaintomorrowIforget.(2008)A.thoughB.sothatC.incaseD.untilsothat辨析Hespokeclearly,sothatweheardhim.结果状语从旬(sothat前有，)hespokeclearlysothatwecouldhearhim.目的状语从句(没有，)4.让步状语从句Ex.1)hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.A
7、sD.Although2)Allpeople,theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however5.条件状语从句Ex.1)Youwillbelateyouleaveimmediately.A.orB.ifC.untilD.unless2) Iwontcallyou,somethingunexpectedhappens.A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while6.时间状语从句Ex
8、.1)Illletyowhecomesback.A.beforeB.becauseC.assoonasD.although2) Youcanthavethisfootballbackyoupromisenottokickitatmycatagain,theoldmansaidangrily.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until3) Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealafamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while频度副词?准确使用100%allthetime90%almost,alway
9、s80%usually60-70%often40-50%sometimes(多一点)，fromtimetotime5%rarely,hardly,seldom0%neverneithernor与eitheror的区另fjeitheror意为或者或者；不是就是它意。1. 表示“两者之一”，连接句子中两个并列的成分。例如：Whenthegirlishappy,sheeithersingsordances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。（此句中either.or连接两个动词，因为主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词要用其相应的形式。）2. either.or连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称
10、和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的就近原则。例如：EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。注意:如果把上句变成一般疑问句，助动词形式与主语you保持一致，所以要用are提问，而不是am。例如：AreeitheryouorIgoingtheretomorrow?明天是你还是我去那里?单独使用either,其意为两者中的任何一个。例如：Therearemanyshopsoneithersideofthestreet.街道两边有许多商店。Therearemanyshopsonbothsidesofthestreet.在街道两边有许多商店。ne
11、ithernor是eitheror.的否定形式,表示既不也不2其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如：Neitheryounorsheisgoodatdrawing.你和她都不擅长绘画。连接两个主语时，也应遵循就近原则。例如：Neitherdadnormumisathometoday.今天父母者B不在家。若将neither.nor.句型变为肯定句，只需把neither.nor.改为both.and.即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如：Bothdadandmumareathometoday.今天父母都在家。单独使用neither作主语，表示两者中没有一个。例如：Neitherofth
12、emlikesfootball.他们俩都不喜欢足球。Neither（nor）/either在倒装句中用法，表示否定的也”。例句：Idontlike帆Neitherdoesshe./Nordoesshe.我不喜欢牛奶，她也是。=IdontlikemShedoesnteither.其结构为：Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。主语+助动词not+either。补充：倒装句中表示肯定的“也”例句：Iwillgoshoppingtomorrow.Shewill,too.=Sowillshe.我明天要去购物，她也是。三星笔试相近词汇辨析usedtodosth过去习惯做某事（只能用于
13、过去时，表示过去经常做的事，to后面跟动词原形）be/getusedtosth/doingsth习惯于某事/做某事（有时态变化）1. Hegotobedverylatewhenhewasyoung.2. HetheweatherinShanghai.lookfor寻找find找到findout找出；查出；发现1. Theyreaplacetolive.2. Hehispeninthecanteen.3. Howdidyouhernewhomeaddress?fit合适（多指大小、尺寸合适）match相衬；相配（多指颜色、大小等方面的搭配）suit合适（多指颜色、花样或款式合适）1. Theja
14、cketdoesntme.2. Heboughtanewshirttothetie.3. Thecolordoesnthim.attend参加（多指出席会议、听报告等）join成为的一员；加入（某团体等）（jointhearmy）参车；jointheparty入党takepartin参加（多指参加活动）1. ManypeoplethemeetinglastFriday.2. Didyouthelecturethismorning?3. Whynotustotheparty?4. Hethepartytenyearsago.5. Howmanypeoplethesportsmeeting?lose丢失；输掉；减少（主语是人）loseonesway迷路missing丢失（主语是物）miss丢失；错过；怀念1. Ivemyway.2. I，vemypen.3. Mypen.4. IgotupsolatethatItheschoolbusthismorning.forget忘记某事或某物（forgettodosth）忘记去做某事（指事情没有做），forgetdoingsth忘记做过杲事（指事情已经做了）leave把某物或某人留在某处1. Ihaveyourtelephonenumber.2. Itowritemynameonthepaper.3. Iseeinghimyesterday
