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1、Declaration concerning the aims and purposes of the International Labour Organization (DECLARATION OF PHILADELPHIA) The General Conference of the International Labour Organization, meeting in its Twenty-sixth Session in Philadelphia, hereby adopts, this tenth day of May in the year nineteen hundred
2、and forty-four, the present Declaration of the aims and purposes of the International Labour Organization and of the principles which should inspire the policy of its Members.IThe Conference reaffirms the fundamental principles on which the Organization is based and, in particular, that:(a) labour i
3、s not a commodity;(b) freedom of expression and of association are essential to sustained progress;(c) poverty anywhere constitutes a danger to prosperity everywhere;(d) the war against want requires to be carried on with unrelenting vigour within each nation, and by continuous and concerted interna
4、tional effort in which the representatives of workers and employers, enjoying equal status with those of governments, join with them in free discussion and democratic decision with a view to the promotion of the common welfare.IIBelieving that experience has fully demonstrated the truth of the state
5、ment in the Constitution of the International Labor Organization that lasting peace can be established only if it is based on social justice, the Conference affirms that:(a) all human beings, irrespective of race, creed or sex, have the right to pursue both their material well-being and their spirit
6、ual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security and equal opportunity;(b) the attainment of the conditions in which this shall be possible must constitute the central aim of national and international policy;(c) all national and international policies and measures, in part
7、icular those of an economic and financial character, should be judged in this light and accepted only in so far as they may be held to promote and not to hinder the achievement of this fundamental objective;(d) it is a responsibility of the International Labour Organization to examine and consider a
8、ll international economic and financial policies and measures in the light of this fundamental objective;(e) in discharging the tasks entrusted to it the International Labour Organization, having considered all relevant economic and financial factors, may include in its decisions and recommendations
9、 any provisions which it considers appropriate.IIIThe Conference recognizes the solemn obligation of the International Labour Organization to further among the nations of the world programmes which will achieve:(a) full employment and the raising of standards of living;(b) the employment of workers
10、in the occupations in which they can have the satisfaction of giving the fullest measure of their skill and attainments and make their greatest contribution to the common well-being;(c) the provision, as a means to the attainment of this end and under adequate guarantees for all concerned, of facili
11、ties for training and the transfer of labour, including migration for employment and settlement;(d) policies in regard to wages and earnings, hours and other conditions of work calculated to ensure a just share of the fruits of progress to all, and a minimum living wage to all employed and in need o
12、f such protection;(e) the effective recognition of the right of collective bargaining, the cooperation of management and labour in the continuous improvement of productive efficiency, and the collaboration of workers and employers in the preparation and application of social and economic measures;(f
13、) the extension of social security measures to provide a basic income to all in need of such protection and comprehensive medical care;(g) adequate protection for the life and health of workers in all occupations;(h) provision for child welfare and maternity protection;(i) the provision of adequate
14、nutrition, housing and facilities for recreation and culture;(j) the assurance of equality of educational and vocational opportunity.IVConfident that the fuller and broader utilization of the worlds productive resources necessary for the achievement of the objectives set forth in this Declaration ca
15、n be secured by effective international and national action, including measures to expand production and consumption, to avoid severe economic fluctuations to promote the economic and social advancement of the less developed regions of the world, to assure greater stability in world prices of primar
16、y products, and to promote a high and steady volume of international trade, the Conference pledges the full cooperation of the International Labour Organization with such international bodies as may be entrusted with a share of the responsibility for this great task and for the promotion of the health, education and well-being of all peoples.VThe conference affirms that the principles set forth in this Declaration are fully applica
