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1、过去分词讲解及习题(附答案)从前分词解说及习题（附问案）从前分词的用法有两个特征：一是暗示实现，2是暗示主动。划定规矩动词的从前分词正在动词本形后减“ed”形成，没有划定规矩动词的从前分词变动睹没有划定规矩动词表。1. 及物动词的从前分词做表语, 取句子主语是主动闭系, 暗示主语的形态, 既暗示主动,又暗示实现。The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。2. 没有及物动词的从前分词做表语, 取句子主语是积极闭系, 暗示主语的形态, 只暗示举措的实现。He is retired. 他已经退戚。3. 有些从前分词做表语时, 形成的谓语很亲近主动布局。从前分词做表语The city is su
2、rrounded on three sides by mountains. 那座乡市3里环山。【注重】从前分词做表语取做主动句谓语的区分: 从前分词做表语, 次要是暗示主语的形态, 而做主动句谓语则暗示举措。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是今天我小妹挨碎的。(是主动语态, 暗示举措)(2) The library is now closed. 藏书楼闭门了。(从前分词做表语)【注重】从前分词暗示主动或者实现, -ing 情势暗示积极或者举行. 有些动词如：interest, bore, worry, surprise,
3、frighten 等一般用其从前分词情势去建饰人, 用 -ing 情势去建金饰.(3) The book is interesting and Im interested in it.那本书颇有趣, 我对于它很感乐趣。从前分词做定语做定语用的从前分词相称于描述词, 其逻辑主语便是它所建饰的名词。及物动词的从前分词做定语, 既表主动又表实现; 没有及物动词的从前分词做定语, 只表实现。1. 从前分词用做定语, 假如是单个的, 常置于其所建饰的名词以前。We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.2. 从前分词短语用做定语时, 一样平常
4、置于其所建饰的名词以后, 其意思相称于一个定语从句, 但较从句简便, 多用于口语中。The concert given by their friends was a success.3.从前分词短语偶然也可用做非制约性定语, 先后常有逗号。The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.他们举办了悲迎好汉的年夜会, 到会的有5千多人。4. 用去建饰人的从前分词偶然能够转移到建饰并不是指人的事物, 那种从前分词正在情势上虽没有曲接建饰人, 但它所建饰的事物仍取人曲接无关。The boy loo
5、ked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着谦意的心情举目而视。从前分词做状语1. 从前分词做状语表主动的以及实现的举措。(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 果为写患上匆仓促, 那篇文章没有是很好。【注重】written 为从前分词做状语, 暗示那篇文章是被写的, 并且已经经被写。值患上注重的是, 有些从前分词果去源于系表布局, 做状语时没有表主动而表积极. 那样的从前分词及短语罕见的有:lost (迷途); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); l
6、ost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出生于); dressed in (脱着); tired of (腻烦).(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.果为沉溺于思索当中, 以是他出听到谁人声响。2. 从前分词做状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语, 此时应注重人称分歧。(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时, 我也能解那讲题。(given 为从前分词做状语, 它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I , 即 I 被再给一
7、个小时。)(2) Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶瞧乡市, 乡市隐患上更丑陋。(seen 为从前分词做状语, 表“被瞧”, 由语境可知, 它的逻辑主语必需是乡市, 而没有是“咱们”, 果为“咱们”应积极瞧乡市。)【注重】假如从前分词做状语时, 后面再减逻辑主语, 主句的主语便没有再是分词的逻辑主语, 那种带逻辑主语的从前分词布局真际上属于自力主格布局。The signal given, the bus started. 疑号一收出, 汽车便开动了。(the signal 是 given
8、的逻辑主语, 果此主句主语 the bus 便没有是given 的逻辑主语。(2) Her head held high, she went by.她把头昂患上下下天从那女走了从前。(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语, 果此主句主语 she 便没有再是held high 的逻辑主语。)3. 从前分词做状语去源于状语从句。Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.果为淋了一场年夜雨, 以是他齐身干透了。(caught in a heavy rain 为从前分词短语做本果状语, 它去源于本果状语从句Because he was caught
9、in a heavy rain.)(2) Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.假如种正在胖沃的泥土里, 那些种子能少患上很快。( grown in rich soil 为从前分词做前提状语, 它去源于前提状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.【注重】状语从句改为从前分词做状语时偶然借可保存连词, 形成“连词+从前分词”布局做状语。When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.4. 从前分词做状语的地位：从前分词可放正在主句前做句
10、尾状语, 前面有逗号取主句离隔; 也可放正在主句前面, 后面有逗号取主句离隔。He stood there silently, moved to tears.= Moved to tears, he stood there silently.从前分词做宾语补足语(一)可以接从前分词做宾补的动词有下列3类:1. 暗示感到或者心思形态的动词. 如: see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。I heard the song sung in English.(2) He found his hometown
11、 greatly changed.2. 暗示“以致”意思的动词。如: have, make, get, keep, leave等。(1) Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.(3) Dont leave those things undone.【注重】从前分词所暗示的举措必定以及宾语有逻辑上的动宾闭系。3 with +宾语+从前分词“布局此布局中, 从前分词用做介词 with的宾语补足语.(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands ti
12、ed behind his back.(2) With water heated, we can see the steam.(3) With the matter settled, we all went home.(4)She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.1.Most of the photographers _ to the conference were from north EuropeAinv
13、ited Bto invite Cbeing invited Dhaving invited2The assistant worked late into the night ，_ a long speech for the presidentAto have prepared Bpreparing Cprepared Dhaving prepared3“Cant you read？”Mary said _ to the notice（NMET93）Aangrily pointing Band point angrily Cangrily pointed Dand angrily pointi
14、ng 4The missing singer was last seen _ the voice close to the bridgeAexercising Bto be exercising Cexercise Dto exercise5The directors discussed the project that they would like to see _ the next yearAcarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out6The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction
15、 with the talks ，_ that he had enjoyed his stay here（NMET94）Ahaving added Bto add Cadding Dadded7The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _.Ahear Bto hear Chearing Dheard8A cook will be fired immediately if he is found _ in the kitchen（NMET2003）Asmoke Bsmoking Cto smoke Dsmoked如今分词以及从前分词的用法区分如今分词取从前分词的两年夜好别1.正在语态上：如今分词表积极，从前分词表主动。2.正在时态上：如今分词表举行，从前分词表实现。断定分词的利用的详细步调（1）依据句子布局断定分词的语法成份（2）寻准逻辑主语（3）判别主、主动闭系（4）选定如今或者从前分词1. _ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A. To seeB. SeeingC. Having seenD. Being
