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1、How to Be a Great Financial Analyst怎样成为一名卓越的财务分析师It takes seven key skills and a new way of thinking.七个关键技能和一种新的思考方式B Y S T E V E S P I E C H , C M A , C F MEvery company has employees who analyze its financial data and enhance its decision support process by providing their insights and analyses to
2、 management. In some companies the CFO, controller, or accounting staff performs this function in addition to their regular responsibilities. In other companies the process is more formal, with financial analysts, cost accountants, and even whole departments dedicated to this function. No matter whi
3、ch way its done, effective financial analysis is really more a way of thinking than a series of steps or processes.每一家公司都有分析其财务数据的雇员，并且通过提供他们对管理的洞察和分析来增强其决策支持流程。在某些公司CFO、主计长或者其他会计部门职员在他们的常规职责之外承担了这项职能。在其他公司这一流程更为正式，会有财务分析师、成本会计师甚至是整个部门专门致力于这项职能。无论以何种方式去做，有效的财务分析更多的是一种思考方式而不是一连串的步骤或程序。Financial profe
4、ssionals who are effective at financial analysis can add value to their companies and excel in their careers. Good analysts identify cost-savings ideas, revenue growth opportunities, and strategies for productivity improvements. Even people who work with financial data but dont do regular analysis (
5、general ledger, accounts payable, financial systems staff) can benefit by building an analytic approach into the way they perform their jobs.专长于财务分析的财务专业人士能够增加他们所服务的公司的价值以及在他们的职业生涯中傲视群伦。优秀的分析师识别出成本节约的主意、收入增长的机会和生产力提高的战略。即使那些与财务数据打交道但并不做常规分析的人（总账、应付帐款、财务系统员工）也能够通过在他们完成工作的方式中构建一种分析性的方法而从中受益。People who
6、 are great financial analysts exhibit several key qualitiesqualities we strive to develop in WellPoint, Inc.s Central Region. Billions of dollars in health insurance premiums and medical expenses are realized every year in the Central Region, and its my departments job to forecast and analyze this f
7、inancial data and other statistics. We work with the leadership of the Central Region to help them meet their strategic objectives.卓越的财务分析师身上体现了几个关键的品质我们努力在WellPoint, Inc.的中区所发展的品质。中区每年实现数以十亿美元的健康保险保费和医疗支出，我的部门的工作就是预测和分析这一财务数据和其他统计数据。我们与中区的领导层共事以帮助他们完成其战略目标。First, lets address what it takes to be a
8、good financial analyst. Then well discuss what it takes to be a great one.首先，让我们谈谈成为一名优秀的财务分析师需要什么。然后我们将讨论成为一名卓越的财务分析师需要什么。GOOD FINANCIAL ANALYSTS优秀的财务分析师The seven qualities of a good financial analyst are listed below. Read through their descriptions and think deeply about whether you possess them.
9、 Then fill out Table 1 to see where you stand.一名优秀的财务分析师的七个品质列示在下面。通读它们的描述并深思你是否拥有它们。然后填写表格1以了解你自身的情况。1. Understand the concept of materiality. 理解重要性概念Good financial analysts can draw conclusions with incomplete information and have a feelan educated gut feel, perhapsfor when information is relevant
10、 and when it isnt. In some cases the information is measurable, like the dollar magnitude of a transaction or the level of a variance percentage to budget. In others its more intangible, like knowing the amount of detail to present to an accounting manager vs. the CFO. One of my financial analysts e
11、xplained it as the concept of cost vs. benefit: the concept of knowing when you have reached a point where spending more time on an analysis wont provide enough benefit to continue.优秀的财务分析师能够以不完整的信息和一种感觉一种经过训练的直觉（gut reaction/feeling/instinct informal a reaction or feeling that you are sure is right
12、, although you cannot give a reason for it）信息何时相关以及何时不相关的感觉来得出结论。在某些情况下信息是可以衡量的，如一笔交易的金额大小或者预算偏差百分比的水平。在其他情况下信息更为无形，如当前一名财务经理vs.CFO的所知的细节的程度。我的一名财务分析师把它解释为成本vs.收益的概念：知道什么时候你已经达到了在一个分析上花更多时间将不会提供足够的收益以继续的程度的概念。Accountants and computer programmers sometimes have a hard time making the transition to fi
13、nancial analysis jobs because of their focus on numbers and order. A standard question I ask during a job interview is “What does materiality mean to you?” The applicants who tell me it means doing whatever it takes to get something to tie to the penny usually dont get a second interview.会计人员和计算机编程人
14、员有时在转职为财务分析师时会有一段艰难的时光，因为他们对数字和顺序的关注。一个我在招聘面试时会问的标准问题是“重要性对你意味着什么？”告诉我其意味着尽其所能来斤斤计较的应聘者通常不会得到第二次面试。2. Are good at using spreadsheets and databases to analyze information. 善于使用电子表格和数据库来分析信息Good financial analysts know how to apply the tools available in spreadsheets and databases to pull together dis
15、parate data, solve problems, and present information to management. Experience with using all of the features of these tools isnt as important as an awareness of them and knowing when to use them, though a strong understanding of pivot tables and query design will go a long way. Further, its importa
16、nt to know the needs and personal style of the individual(s) for whom the work is being done. Some managers prefer information in a visual format like graphs, while others like it all laid out for them in detailed financial tables. Ultimately, its all about turning data into conclusions.优秀的财务分析师知道如何应用电子表格和数据库提供的工具来凝聚不相干（disparate formal consisting of things or people that are very different and not related to each ot
