状语从句讲练结合

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1、状语从句讲解状语功能:它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等,有时修饰整个句子。状语从句定义:用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句。位置:状语从句 的位置较活:可以放在主句之前,用逗号与主句隔开;也可以放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况,所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有很多,现将分类用法如下:1从属连词 when,while 与as连词用法谓语动词意义例句whe n从句的动作和主句的动When they heard the news, they all作可以同

2、时发生,也可延续性动词jumped with joy.以先后发生。可以指时非延续性当时候I owed Jack $ 100 whe n 1 was in London.间的某个点,也指一段动词时间。as从句的动作与主句的动延续性动词随着The stude nts sang as they walked.作同时发生。可以指时非延续性一边;As he stood up, he dropped the glass,间的某个点,也指一段动词一边break ing it into pieces.时间。当-候时while从句的动作与主句的延续性动词当-时While I was reading , he c

3、ame in.动作冋时发生,强调一候I made some foreig n friends while I was段时间。从句中常用过在-期in London.去进行时态或一般过去间时态。注:1)when还可作并列连词,其意义为那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:sb. was doing sth. when.某人正在干某事就在这时/sb. was about to/ going to do sth. when.某人正打算干某事就在这时川川2)while作为并列连词,意为而,却”,表示对比。He likes pop music,while I切伽d

4、 of folk music.3)如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时, when, while 与 as 可互换使用。女口: When/While/As I was walking down the street , I came across an old friend of mine.2从属连词:as soon as, immediately , directly , the moment, the minute , no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when., QI此 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动

5、作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,意为一就”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。如:Once you remember it, you I I never Torgd. il.The moment I heard the voice , I knew my father was coming.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.注: no sooner.; hardly/scarcely.这一结构的时态搭配:no sooner与 hardly/scarcely 弓丨导的主句谓语动词应用 ,而than与when的从句中

6、谓语应用 。此外,当把no sooner禾口 hardly/scarcely 提至U句首时,应用 语序。I had hardly got I10币已 when it began to rain. -Hardly3. till , until (not.until/till.直到才)连词用法动词意义例句till/u ntil主语和从句都用肯定主句的动词一直到为I lstay here till/untilthe rain式为连续性动词止stops.n ot.till/u nt主句用否定形式,从主句的动词直到才He didn go home till/until heil句用肯定形式为非连续性动f

7、ini shed his homework.词注:1) till不可以置于句首,而until可以置于句首。如 you told me I knew it.2)如果将 not un til.结构放在句首,那么主句要写成倒装句。女口: They didn realize it un til we poi nted outtheir fault to them.=we poi nted out their fault to themrcdlZC IL4. every time, each time, next time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示每当,每次,下次”。如:Every/Each

8、time I was in trouble , Ik would come 10 help inc oulNext time you come ,血lo bring your son here.5. 从属连词:before(在之前),after(在之后),since(自从以来)。如:Please remember to turn off all th t 唱】凶 you lclvc IliC classroom,注:1)上述三个连词,既是从属连词,也是介词。2)若表达 还未就”不到就”“才”趁,还没来得及”时,需用连词before o如:We hadnt run a mile before l

9、ie felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。He ran out of the room before I could told him the news.It will be two years before we graduate from our school.二、地点状语从句1常用的引导词有 where (在地方)wherever (无论在什么地方)等。指具体地点时,从句可 用于主句之前或之后,表示抽象条件时,从句须放在主句之前。如:ihe university graduates are determined (o go wlierever they are neede

10、d most.They are planting trees where there is plciily oi 呦甘iHKl sunlighl.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。2注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。如:你最好在有问题的地方作个标记。You d better make a mark where you have any questions )You d better make a mark at the place where you have any qestions.()三、条件状语从句1. 常用的引导词有i

11、f (如果,假如)unless (除非,要不就不),as Iong as (只要),so long as (只要) provided (that)(只要),suppose/supposing (假设),on condition (that)(如果)等。如:I may not come to see you recen tly uni ess I can complete the project ahead Qt 伽匕We can surely attain our goal as long as we are Liiiiied as one.They promised to let us ha

12、ve a meet ing in their office on con diti on (that )、爪 ML 昭 keep i【2. 要点提示:1】在表示条件的状语从句中, 既可以用直陈语气作 真实条件句”也可以用虚拟语气作 非 真实条件句” 2用unless引导条件状语从句时, 要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的:unless=if.not.如:I will not go to their party unl ess I am in vited.=I will not go to their partyI am invited,3)suppose/supposing这两个词所表达的意义

13、和句法功能是一样的。它们与其他的引导状语从句的从属连词一样,弓丨导一个含状语从句的主从复合句。女口: Suppose/supposing your statement is right, how are you goingto prove it?四、原因状语从句1. 常用的引导词有 because因为,as由于,since既然,由于,now that既然,由于,seeing that, considering that 等。如:lie cant deliver his lectures today because he h 恥 a bad cold,2. 要点提示:H从属连词用法区别becau

14、se-直接原因,非推断语气最强对why的回答since -通常放句首.译为既然 ”as -不谈自明的原因,语气最弱.for -放句中,对前面一句话的内容的补充说明。2)关于since和HOW tllElt这两个词在表示原因的时候是近义词,都表示 既然”但其不同之处在于:now that只能以 新发生的情况”作为某事发生的原因;而 since在表示 既然”时,就没有这种限制。如:that the rain is going to stop, we better get ready for the after noon match. syou re so interested iEnglish, why not have a try in the English Speech Contest ?3)其他表示原因的方式除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,这样的短语有because of;thanks to; due to; owing to 等。五、让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though (虽然)although (虽然),even if(即使),廿心咆】(即使),as(尽管),while(虽然),whether.or.(无论还是),no matter+ 疑问词(无论)。1. tho

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