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1、1. Diabetes mellitus糖尿病DM 相关英文词汇小结9. ensue出现、发生2. hyperglycemia高血糖3. abnormalities10.immune-mediated destruction ofpancreatic -cells免疫介导的胰岛3细胞损伤异常4. insulin secretion胰岛素分泌5. insulin sensitivity胰岛素敏感性6. microvascular complications微血管并发症7. macrovascular complications大血管并发症8. neuropathic complications神
2、经并发症11. long preclinical period亚临床期长12. transient remission疾病短暂好转13. honeymoon phase蜜月期14. autoantibodies自身抗体15. islet cell antibody胰岛细胞抗体17. insulin antibodies胰岛素抗体糖皮质激素26. pentamidine喷他脒27. niacin烟酸28. o-interferon0-干扰素of29. Impaired fasting glucose， IFG空腹血糖受损(5.6-6.9 mmol/L )30. impaired glucose
3、toleranc，e IGT糖耐量受损(7.8- 11.0 mmol/L)31. retinopathyDM 视网膜病变32. neuropathyDM 神经病变33. nephropathyDM 肾病34. coronary heart disease18. lipolysis脂肪分解19. free fatty acid production游离脂肪酸生成20. increased hepatic glucose production肝糖生成增加21. decreased skeletal muscle uptakeglucose肌肉组织对葡萄糖摄取下降22. a diabetogenic
4、 lifestyle (excessivecalories, inadequate exercise, and obesity)易导致糖尿病的生活方式(能量过度摄入、锻炼不足、肥胖)23. superimposed upon协同24. a susceptible genotype易感基因25. glucocorticoids多尿冠心病35. stroke中风36. peripheral vascular disease外周血管病变37. prone to develop diabetic ketoacidosis自发酮症倾向38. severe stress严重应激39. insulin co
5、unterregulatory hormones胰岛素对抗激素40. asymptomatic无症状41. unrelated blood testing随机血糖42. Lethargy无精打采44. nocturia夜尿45. polydipsia烦渴46. Hemoglobin A1C( glycosylated hemoglobin)糖化血红蛋白(A 6.5%为诊断标准)46. Fasting plasma glucose空腹血糖(n 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)为诊断标准)47. oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)口服糖耐量检测48.
6、75 g anhydrous glucose75g无水葡萄糖(折合 82.5g 一水葡萄糖)49. Two-hour plasma glucose2 小时血糖( 200 mg/dL (111.1 mmol/L)为诊断标准)43. polyuria50. A random plasma glucose concentration随机血糖( 200 mg/dL (111.1 mmol/L)为诊断标准)51. hyperglycemic crisis高血糖危象52. positive family history家族史阳性53. ameliorate symptoms of hyperglycemi
7、a控制高血糖症状54. Glycemic Goals血糖控制目标55. Preprandial plasma glucose餐前血糖56. Postprandial plasma glucose餐后血糖57. American Association of ClinicalEndocrinologists美国临床内分泌医师学会 AACE58. American College of Endocrinology美国内分泌学会ACE59. American Diabetes Association美国糖尿病协会ADA60. aggressive management强化控制61. smoking
8、cessation戒烟62. treatment of dyslipidemia调节血脂异常63. intensive blood pressure强化血压控制64. antiplatelet therapy抗血小板治疗65. dietary and exercise modifications改变饮食锻炼习惯66. self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)自我血糖监测67. low in saturated fat76. Apidra (insulin glulisine)饱和脂肪限量68. caloric restriction控制热量69. Bedt
9、ime and between meal snacks睡前及餐间零食70. Aerobic exercise有氧锻炼71. sedentary patients既往运动较少的病人72. atherosclerotic disease动脉粥样硬化疾病73. subcutaneously皮下注射赖谷胰岛素(Apidra?,目前还没有中文名)77. Rapid-acting insulins速效胰岛素78. Short-acting insulins短效胰岛素79. Humulin R (regular)优泌林？R80. Novolin R (regular)诺和灵?R81. Intermediat
10、e-acting insulins (neutralprotamine Hagedorn)中效胰岛素(中性鱼精蛋白胰岛素，NPH)Hagedorn为发明者名字74. Humalog (insulin lispro)82. Humulin N赖脯胰岛素(优泌乐 ？)优泌林？N75. NovoLog (insulin aspart)83. Novolin N门冬胰岛素（诺和锐？）诺和灵 ?Nsuspension, 30% aspart 福特罗84. Long-acting insulins长效胰岛素85. Lantus （insulin glargine）来得时? （甘精胰岛素）86. Levem
11、ir （insulin detemir）诺和平? （地特胰岛素）87. Premixed insulins预混胰岛素88. Humalog Mix 75/25 （75% neutralprotamine lispro,25% lispro）优泌乐 ?MIX75/25 （ 75%鱼精蛋白赖脯胰岛素；25%赖脯胰岛素）89. Humalog Mix 50/50 （50% neutralprotamine lispro,50% lispro）优泌乐?MIX50/50（50%中性鱼精蛋白赖脯胰岛素； 50%赖脯胰岛素）90. Novolog Mix 70/30（70% aspart protamine
12、诺和锐?MIX70/30（ 70%鱼精蛋白门冬胰岛素；30%门冬胰岛素）91. NPH-regular combinations中效 -短效组合92. Humulin 70/30优泌林?70/3093. Novolin 70/30诺和灵?70/3094. Exenatide （Byetta）艾塞那肽（百泌达） GLP-195. Liraglutide （Victoza）利拉鲁肽（诺和力）96. Pramlintide （Symlin）普兰林肽（人胰淀素类似物）97. delayed postmeal hypoglycemia迟发性餐后低血糖98. nocturnal hypoglycemia夜
13、间低血糖微乳制剂： Micronase? )99. fasting hyperglycemia空腹高血糖100. Glucagon （ 1 g intramuscularly）胰高血糖素（肌肉注射）101. Glucagon-like Peptide 1 （GLP-1）Agonists胰高血糖素样肽1激动剂102. gastric emptying胃排空103. Sulfonylureas磺脲类104. equipotent doses等效剂量105. Glipizide格列吡嗪（普通片，控释片（ XL ）瑞易宁?）107. Glimepiride格列美脲 （Amaryl?, 亚莫利 ?）10
14、8. Short-acting insulin secretagogues短效胰岛素促泌剂（餐时促泌剂）109. Nateglinide那格列奈（ Starlix? ，唐力 ? ）110. Repaglinide瑞格列奈（Prandin? ，孚来迪? ）111. Biguanides双胍类112. Metformin二甲双胍（格华止? ，Glucophage? ）113. Metformin extended release二甲双胍缓释片（格华止?G，lucophageXR ? ）106. glyburide114. Thiazolidinediones格列本脲(普通片： Diabeta?, 优降糖 ? ；噻唑烷二酮类格列本脲 / 二甲双胍( Glucovance? )115. Pioglitazone吡格列酮（艾可拓? ，Actos? ）116. Rosiglitazone罗格列酮（文迪雅? ，Avandia? ）117. o-Glucosidase inhibitors优糖普酶抑制剂118. Acarbose阿卡波糖（拜糖平? ，Precose? ）
