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1、知识全解absence U C缺席;不在,离开;缺勤She never speaks ill of anyone in his or her absence.她从不乘人不在时说别人的坏话。The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull.那幅画因没有着色而显得晦暗。【拓展】 absent adj.缺席的；不在的absently adv.心不在焉地【短语】 absence from classes缺课absence of mind心不在焉in the absence of .不在时In the absence of firm evidence
2、the prisoner was set free.因缺乏证据，被告被释放了。Please look after my house during my absence from Beijing.我不在北京期间，请帮我看房子。accident C 事故；意外事故An accident happened.出了一个事故。【拓展】 accidental adj.偶然的accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地【短语】 by accident 偶然地；无意中（同by chance） without accident安全地；无恙地We got back without accident.我们安全地归
3、来了。【辨析】 accident，incident1)accident偶然发生的意外事故;2）incident小事，（政治性的）事件,事变an ordinary incident一件普通的小事the July 7th Incident of 1937 1937年七七事变Her husband was killed in a road accident last summer.她的丈夫死于去年夏天的一次车祸。advantage C 优势；有利条件;U利益；好处It has more disadvantages than advantages.这弊大于利。Is there any advantag
4、e in getting there early?早到那里是否值得？【拓展】 disadvantage n.不利，不利条件；损失【短语】 take advantage of利用；欺骗 have an advantage over胜过have the advantage of sb.比某人强，占上风to advantage用某种方法使优点突出Peter took advantage of this visit to Paris to improve his French.彼得利用这次去巴黎访问提高他的法语。The picture may be seen to advantage against
5、a plain wall.这幅画衬在素墙上就更好看了。advice U 建议;劝告The doctor gave some advice on how to improve our health.医生就如何增进健康向我们提了一些建议。【短语】 a piece of advice一条意见，不能说成an advicefollow/take ones advice接受某人的意见 ask for advice征求意见give advice on就某事提出意见Can you give me a piece of advice?你能给我提个意见吗？注：advice vt.=advise,advice do
6、ing sth.aim U 目标It is now our aim to set up a factory.我们现在的目的是创办一座工厂。【短语】 take aim at瞄准 achieve ones aim达到目的 miss ones aim达不到目标The hunter took careful aim at the bear.猎人仔细瞄准熊。注：aim vi.瞄准aim at.瞄准aircraft C飞机；航空器【拓展】 airport飞机场airline航空公司；航线airmail航空邮件airplane飞机airspace领空，空域apology C道歉Please accept m
7、y apologies.请接受我的道歉。【短语】 demand a public apology要求公开道歉a written apology书面道歉make an apology to someone for something因某事向某人道歉I must make an apology to her.我必须向她道歉。appearance C 出现;显露、露面;来到;演出； U & C外貌,外观;外表Johns appearance in the doorway was welcomed with shouts.约翰出现在门口时,大家高喊着欢迎他。The singer made her fi
8、rst appearance in a concert in Boston.这位歌唱家第一次演出是在波士顿的一个音乐会上。Shes made a number of television appearances.她已在电视上好几次亮相。The appearance of the old house completely changed.那所旧房子的外观全变。【短语】 by all appearances显然 in appearance外表上 put on the appearance of装的样子He put on the appearance of a smiling look.他装出一副笑
9、脸。arrival U 到达;到来;达到arrival at a conclusion结论的得出We waited for the arrival of our guests.我们等着客人的到来。C 到达的人(或物);新生儿They went out to welcome the new arrivals.他们走出去欢迎新来的人。【短语】 on/upon ones arrival当某人到达时on/upon arrival at/in 在到达时On our arrival at the airport we discovered that the plane would be late.一到机场
10、，我们就发觉飞机要晚点。attempt C 试图；企图；攻击He made an attempt on the world record.他试图打破世界记录。Her attempt at poetry was a failure.她尝试写诗失败了。Several attempts have been made on the presidents life.已经有人三番五次试图谋杀总统。【短语】 make an attempt to do sth.试图干某事；企图做某事make an attempt at doing sth.试图干某事；企图做某事 in an attempt to do sth
11、.希望做某事He made an attempt to pass the exam,but it was too difficult.他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。 average C&U平均;平均数An average of two students are absent each day.每天平均有两个学生缺席。【短语】 on (an/the) average按平均计算 above(below) the average高于（低于）平均标准baggage U 行李【短语】 a piece of baggage一件行李three articles of luggage三件行李 That day
12、 they took many articles of baggage (luggage) along with them.那天他们随身携带了很多件行李。【用法】 baggage和luggage一样都是不可数名词。英语当中一般只用作不可数名词而不能用作可数名词的词还有：advice,information,news,furniture,progress,weather,courage,health,wealth,fun等词。这些不可数名词不能和冠词a (an)连用，如：不能用an advice，但可用a piece of advice，some information或者the news等。b
13、argain C （经讨价还价后）成交的商品；便宜货Its a real bargain.真便宜。Their company has bought a machine at a bargain price.他们公司廉价买进一台机器。a bargain sale廉价出售a bargain hunter到处找便宜货买的人C&U买卖合同；成交条件；交易a good (bad) bargain赚钱（蚀本）生意【短语】 make(strike) a bargain with sb.与某人成交 drive a hard bargain over sth.为某事拼命讨价还价block C大块；街区；大厦a
14、block of rock一块石头Walk two blocks,and youll find the store.走过两个街区，就到那个商店了。brain大脑；脑力（常用复数） I suppose she has more brains than any of us.我认为她比我们都聪明。That man has a fine brain.那人脑筋好。【短语】 use your brains动动脑筋business U & C 生意;事;事体;事务;交易;商业;营业;行业Mr.Jones is in the business of selling cars.琼斯先生从事汽车销售。How is business?生意如何?She started a new business in Phoenix not long ago.不久前她在凤凰城新开了一家公司。This is none of your business.这与你不相干。He is there on business.他去那里办事。【短语】 on business出差；因公事 in business经商 have no business to do(doing) sth.无权做某事I came to Shanghai on business.我因公事来的上海。case C 事实;
