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1、宾语从句 第1页宾语从句【重点扫描】 对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 【名师精讲】 一. 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill
2、. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late. 3. 由
3、if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when
4、well have the meeting. 三. 宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was pr
5、eparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 【范例】 1. Miss Green didnt tell
6、 us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。 2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game 【解析】答案：
7、D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。 3. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。 4. -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he liv
8、es here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【解析】答案: C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。 宾语从句专练宾语从句(The Object Clause)在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句通常由下面一些词引导：1、由that引导（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）。2、由what , when , where, which, who, how ,why等连接代词或连接副词引导。3、由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if）。应
9、注意的几个问题：1、 宾语从句可放在形容词后。常用形式是“be+形容词+宾语从句”e.g. I am glad (that) you like it .2、 宾语从句与主句时态的一致。1）主句是现在（或将来）时态时，宾语从句可根据实际需要用不同的时态。如：He says Mary is playing with the cat .He says Mary often plays with the cat.He says Mary will play with the cat.I think he left yesterday morning.2）主句时态是一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式
10、。He said Mary was playing with the cat.He said he hoped to be back soon.3）当从句所表示的是客观事实或客观真理时，该从句都用一般现在时，不用过去时。如：He said light travels much faster than sound.3、 宾语从句中的否定转移。如果主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose 等，而从句的意思是否定的，这时主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句用肯定式。如：I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。4、 将普通的特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，从句的语序
11、要由疑问句变成陈述句的语序。When will the meeting begin?-I want to know when the meeting will begin.5、 将普通的一般疑问句变成宾语从句时，则用if /whether连接，同时变成陈述句语序。Are you an English teacher ?-He asked if I was an English teacher.在下列情况下只能用whetheri. 介词后的宾语从句 Im thinking about whether we should go fishing.ii. 宾语从句提前时 Whether this is
12、 true or not, I cant say.iii. 直接与or not连用时 I dont know whether or not he was ready.iv. 在带to 的动词不定式前 She hasnt decided whether to go or not.if也可引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”（主将从现，主过从过）。比较：I dont know if he will come. If he comes ,I will tell you. 6、在变宾语从句时，要注意以下几点。连接词 人称 语序 时态 标点宾语从句练习一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1）I know that t
13、he young man _(come) to the village every Saturday.2）We have learnt that the earth _(go) around the sun.3）He was afraid that he _(forget) his Chinese.4）I am sure that she _(like) this book.5）He told me that he _(tell) a story when I came in .6）Could you tell me when you _(leave) England, last summer
14、 or last autumn?7）She asked me if she _(can, borrow) the science book.8）I cant remember when he _(come) last night.9）He said he _( fly) to Shanghai .10）She is happy that she _(find) the lost purse .11）I hear that he _(enjoy) playing football very much.12）Has the teacher decided who _(take ) part in the sports meeting? 二、用适当的连接词填空1）The mother likes saying _she has a good daughter.2）They told me _
