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1、高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧小结及练习题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读理解 A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are striking and should encourage research eff
2、orts. Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk such as pregnant women would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than
3、 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency. Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babi
4、es is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an ina
5、ctive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it. Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. T
6、here are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNAbased vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoot
7、hly, . A.a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B.pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C.a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D.The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Whi
8、ch of the following statements is NOT true? A.many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B.US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C.None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D.It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effect
9、ive.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage? A.Zika vaccine works very well in miceB.Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC.International researches into Zika have paid offD.More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。 （1）考查细节
10、理解。根据第二段中的But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk such as pregnant women would still be years away可知，但是，即使这些进展顺利，一种广泛用于保护高危人群的授权疫苗仍需数年时间，也就是说如果人体试验进展顺利的话，短期内仍无法获得授权疫苗，故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Res
11、earch, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice可知，美国科学家在白鼠身上只测试了两种而不是两种以上的寨卡病毒，故选B。 （3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus,可知，一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是
12、寨卡病毒疫苗对小白鼠非常有效，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover (盘旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While youre thinking about avoiding
13、an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me. A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill, shell fly home. There the
14、bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50 000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to cr
15、eate hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4, 000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me. The average American consumes nearly a pound and
16、 a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. LiterallyI never go bad. Alas, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which redu
