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1、Unit 4 EarthquakeGrammar-the attributive clauses 定语从句I. Sentences translation (English into Chinese)1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (Line 8)2. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (Line
2、 11)3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (Line 13)4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (Line 16)5. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one
3、shook Tangshan. (Line 24)6. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (Line 32)7. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (Line 35)8. The powerful earthquake of Tangshan happened in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province on July 28th,
4、 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (Best English P35)9. However, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in advance to take precautions against such disasters. (Best English P35)II. Summary of the rules of the attributive clauses1. 关系代词
5、/副词关系代词/副词在从句中的成分所指代的先行词例 句who /whom主语/宾语（可省）指人He who laughs last laughs best.This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday.which主语/宾语（可省）指物/事A thing which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.that主语/宾语（可省）指物/事The panda that is chosen Dragon Warrior is big and fat.指人They that know nothing f
6、ear nothing.whose定语（某的）指人Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.指物/事The book whose cover is blue is mine.when时间状语时间Ill never forget the day when the earthquake happened.where地点状语地点This is the place where we first met.why原因状语原因The reason why he was late was that he missed
7、 the bus.2只用that不用which的情况 当先行词是1）不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时e.g. You can take any seat that is free. We should do all that is useful to the people.2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时；e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.3）是或被序数
8、词the first /second /third所修饰时； e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.4）被形容词最高级所修饰时； e.g. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.5）同时指人和事/物时； e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.6）主句以there be 开头时 e.g. There is the matter that I can do.3只
9、用which不用that的情况 1）介词后 2）逗号后，即非限定性定语从句中 3）句中已经有that的时候e.g. That which is evil is soon learnt. 学坏容易。4whose = the +名词+ of + which/whom 指“某人/物的” when = at /in /on 等介词+which where =at /in /on /from /to等介词+which why =介词for + whichIII. English proverbs1. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。2. Those
10、 who live in glass houses should not throw stones.家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。（自己有弱点，勿揭他人短。）3. When in Rome do as the Romans do.（入乡随俗）4. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。5. He who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.手懒饿肚皮。6. He that loses his honesty has nothing失去诚实就失去了一切7. God helps t
11、hose who help themselves.自助者天助。8. He who does not advance loses ground. (=anyone who does not advance loses ground.)逆水行舟，不进则退。9. He who laughs on Friday will weep on Sunday. 乐极必生悲。10. They who cannot do as they would must do as they can. 事不由己，也需努力。IV. Translation (Chinese into English) 我们这个单元学习的课文是关
12、于地震的。地震前几天，会发生一些奇怪的现象，如变得反常的（abnormal）水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却似乎使世界到了末日的大地震仅持续十几秒。这场大灾难使人们平静生活了多年的城市顷刻间成了一片废墟。幸好，救援人员及时赶到，挖出受困的人们，并为那些家园被毁的幸存者搭建避难所。慢慢地，这座城市又出现了生机。定语从句练习一、选择题1. Do you know the girl _ is talking with your mother?A. who B. which C. whose D. / 2. This is the kite _ Billy Fisher gave to Tom
13、A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C 3. He was the only one _ was saved in the earthquake. A. who B. that C. which D. A and B 4. This is the only present _ I like. A. who B. that C. which D. B and C5. This is the most beautiful place _ I have ever seen. A. which B. who C. where D. / 6. All _ I can d
14、o is to give him some money. A. that B. which C. who D. what 7. Is there anything else _ you need? A. which B. that C. who D. what 8. The museum _ we visited last week isnt far from here. A. where B. which C. what D. who 9. Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday? A. which B. who C. what D. / 10. Most of the people _ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives. A. when B. who C. how D. which 11. Do you think most students prefer tests _ have easy questions? A. who B. where C. w
