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1、考研英语真题（19902023）1990l ReadingPassage 1 In May l989, space shuttle Atlantis released in outer space the space probe “Magellan”, which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. A new phase in spaceexploration has begun . The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it
2、is the only other object in the solarsystem, in fact, that even comes close to earths size. Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distan
3、ce from the sun. In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earths twin.” The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps IO to
4、20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) . Water is all but nonexistent. Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for
5、researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. It has no earths oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely,
6、observable pace.16. Venus is similar to Earth in _ A. size and density B. distance from the sunC. having atmosphere D. all of the above17. The greatest value in studying Venus should be to_A. allow us to visit there B. understand Earth betterC. find a new source of energy D. promote a new space prog
7、ram18. The main idea of this passage is about _A. problems of space travel B. scientific methods in space explorationC. the importance of Venus to Earth D. conditions on VenusPassage 2 Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Romes main avenues. Italy s politi
8、cal leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,OOO women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome. Shouting slogans, waving flags and dancing to drumbeats, the women
9、 had come to the capital from all over Italy to demonstrate for a job for each of us, a different type of job, and a society without violence”. So far, action to improve womens opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining. But there is a growing awareness tha
10、t this is not enough, says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers. Women, who constitute 52 per cent of Italys population, today represent only 35 per cent of Italys total workforce and 33 per cent of the total number
11、of Italians with jobs. However, their presence in the workplace is growing. The employment of women is expanding considerably in services, next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace. Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-
12、employment. More and more women are going into business for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared , so that banks and other financial institutes make judgements on purely busine
13、ss considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman. Such changes are occurring in the professions too. The number of women doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold. Some of the changes are immediately visible. For example, women have appeare
14、d on the scene for the first time as state police , railway workers and street cleaner. However, the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made. A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.19. The expression snake through central Rome probably m
15、eans to move_A. quietly through central RomeB. violently through central Rome C. in a long winding line through central RomeD. at a leisurely pace through central Rome20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. There are more women than men in Italy.B. In Italy, women are chiefly employed i
16、n services.C. In Italy, women are still at a disadvantage in employment.D. In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.21. About 200 ,OOO women in Rome demonstrated for_A. more job opportunities B. a greater variety of jobsC. equal job, equal pay D. both A and B22. The best title for this passage would be_A. The Role of Women is SocietyB. Wom
