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1、2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life.With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and reservoirs out of rive
2、rs for irrigation purpose or hydroelectric power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However, mans changes to physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is
3、an increasing danger to the health of the planet. Each day thousands of tons come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.The pollution of water
4、 is equally harmful. In the sea,pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae （水藻）, fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.Conservationists belie
5、ve that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.1. Man has changed his physical environment with a view to（ ）.2. According to the passage, pollution of the air and water is caused by（ ）.3. The ecological balance of the sea is lost when（ ）.4. Who wou
6、ld most probably disagree with conservationists?5. The purpose of the writer is（ ）.问题1选项A.altering the physical feature of the earthB.bettering his way of lifeC.improving his surroundingsD.modifying the face of the planet问题2选项A.thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB
7、.the changes of the environment that technology has brought to manC.the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD.industrial wastes discharged into rivers问题3选项A.people consume more fish than they used toB.the ecological balance of the river is lostC.large numbers of algae, fish and birds are
8、killedD.the production of marine petroleum is increased问题4选项A.Industrialists.B.Ecologists.C.Businessmen.D.Environmentalists.问题5选项A.to reduce modern technologyB.to improve mans way of lifeC.to warn people not to change the natural environmentD.to call attention to the protection of the natural enviro
9、nment【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. 纵观历史，人类改变自然环境以改善生活方式。故B项正确。2.推理判断题。由第二段With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. 借助科技工具，人类改变了地球的许多物理特征。以及 However,
10、 mans changes to physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet. 然而，人类对自然环境的改变并不总是带来有益的结果。今天，空气和水的污染对地球的健康造成越来越严重的威胁。可知水污染和空气污染是由于人类借助科技改变了自然环境造成的。故B项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段“The pollution of water is equa
11、lly harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae, fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. 水的污染也同样有害。在海里,石油污染增加,造成大量的藻类(水藻),鱼和鸟死亡。整个海洋的生态平衡正在被改变。”可知藻类、鱼和鸟的大量死亡导致海洋生态失衡。故C项正确。4.推理判断题。由最后一段“Conservationists believe that
12、 it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth. 自然资源保护论者认为，为了在地球上生存，人类现在有必要限制科技的发展。”可知自然资源保护论者认为要限制科技的发展，而阻碍科技的发展不利于工业的发展，所以工业家很可能会发对这个观点。故A项正确。5.作者意图题。本文主要讲述了环保的重要性，从空气污染，到水污染，再到破坏整个生态平衡。所有的这些都是在呼吁大家来保护地球，保护我们的生存坏境。 故D项正确。2. 单选题As my friend（ ） here befor
13、e, I had to meet him at the railway station.问题1选项A.had never beenB.has never beenC.had been neverD.never was【答案】A【解析】考查时态。由后半句had to可知该句用的是一般过去时，而从句动作发生在meet之前，故用过去完成时，排除BD项。never一般放于had been之间，故A项正确。句意：因为我的朋友之前从未来过这里，我不得不去火车站接他。3. 写作题Directions: For this section, you are asked Io write a compositio
14、n on the following topic. You are required to write no less than 150 words. Remember to write clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with?Wh
15、at is your opinion? Give your comments and write them down on the ANSWER SHEET. You should supply on appropriate title for your essay.【答案】略4. 单选题The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the Peoples Park that wore occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events
