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1、2022年考博英语-煤炭科学研究总院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Im worried about washing that shirt in case it （ ）.问题1选项A.decreasesB.contractsC.constringesD.shrinks【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项decrease “减少”，B项contract “收缩”，C项constringe “使收敛”，D项名词shrink “缩水”；句意：我不敢洗那件衬衫，怕它会缩水。因此D选项正确。2. 单选题There is a risk that （ ） chemicals might
2、be blasted into the atmosphere.问题1选项A.destructiveB.toxicC.evilD.vicious【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项destructive “破坏性的、毁灭性的”，B项toxic “有毒的”，C项evil“邪恶的”，D项vicious “恶毒的”；句意：毁灭性的化学物质有在空中爆炸的危险。因此A选项正确。3. 单选题Some things simply cannot be altered and （ ） people accept this, not wasting energy on trying to do the impos
3、sible.问题1选项A.roughB.plasticC.harshD.resilient【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项rough “粗糙的”，B项plastic “塑料的”，C项harsh “严厉的、刺耳的”，D项resilient “可迅速恢复的、坚韧的”；句意：有些东西根本无法改变，有韧性的人能接受这一点，不会浪费精力来做不可能的事。因此D选项正确。4. 单选题The new policies will （ ） rather than help poor families.问题1选项A.hideB.hinderC.hintD.hind【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项动词hi
4、de “隐藏”，B项动词hinder “阻碍、打扰”，C项动词hint “暗示、示意”，D项形容词hind “后部的”；句意：新政策将阻碍而不是帮助贫困家庭。因此B选项正确。5. 单选题Alcohols can also （ ） judgment to the extent that you may not make the best or brightest decisions in a cold weather emergency.问题1选项A.impartB.impactC.impairD.impose【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项impart “传授”，B项impact “影响”
5、，C项impair “损害、削弱”，D项impose “利用”；句意：酒精也会影响你的判断力，让你在寒冷天气的紧急情况下无法做出最佳或最明智的决定。因此B选项正确。6. 单选题A piece of glass was embedded （ ） her hand.问题1选项A.withB.withinC.inD.inside【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析及搭配。A项with “和”，B项within “在之内”，C项in “在里”，D项inside “内部、内侧”；句意：一块玻璃扎在她的手上。embed in “嵌入”；因此C选项正确。7. 单选题Have you winterized your
6、 horse yet? Even though global warming may have made our climate milder, many animals are still hibernating. Its too bad that humans cant hibernate. In fact, as a species, we almost did.Apparently, at times in the past, peasants in France liked a semi-state of human hibernation. So writes Graham Rob
7、b, a British scholar who has studied the sleeping habits of the French peasants. As soon as the weather turned cold people all over France shut themselves away and practiced the forgotten art of doing nothing at all for months on end.In line with this, Jeff Warren, a producer at CBC Radios The Curre
8、nt, tells us that the way we sleep has changed fundamentally since the invention of artificial lighting and the electric bulb.When historians began studying texts of the Middle Ages, they noticed something referred to as “first sleep”, which was not clarified, though. Now scientists are telling us o
9、ur ancestors most likely slept in separate periods. The business of eight hours uninterrupted sleep is a modern invention.In the past, without the artificial light of the city to bathe in, humans went to sleep when it became dark and then woke themselves around midnight. The late night period was kn
10、own as “The Watch”. It was when people actually kept watch against wild animals, although many of them simply moved around or visited family and neighbors.According to some sleep researchers, a short period of insomnia at midnight is not a disorder. It is normal. Humans can experience another state
11、of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning. This period can be an extraordinarily creative time for some people. The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas.Playing with
12、 your sleep rhythms can be adventurous, as anxiety may set in. Medical science doesnt help much in this case. It offers us medicines for a full nights continuous sleep, which sounds natural; however, according to Warrens theory, it is really the opposite of what we need.1. The example of the French
13、peasants shows the fact that （ ）.2. The late night was called “The Watch” because it was a time for people （ ）.3. Thomas Edison is cited to show （ ）.4. What does the author advise people to do?5. What is most possibly the source of this article?问题1选项A.people might become lazy as a result of too much
14、 sleepB.there were signs of hibernation in human sleeping habitsC.people tended to sleep more peacefully in cold weatherD.winter was a season for people to sleep for months on end问题2选项A.to set traps to catch animalsB.to wake up their family and neighborsC.to remind others of the timeD.to guard again
15、st possible dangers问题3选项A.insomnia is harmful to peopleB.human being cannot overcome insomniaC.a short period of consciousness during sleeping is normal for human beingD.great scientists must sleep less to make great inventions问题4选项A.Sleep in the way animals do.B.Consult a doctor if they cant sleep.C.Follow their natural sleep rhythm.D.Keep to the eight-hour sleep pattern.问题5选项A.scienti
