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1、专题01 时态与语态-高考英语考纲解读及热点难点试题演练课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有23个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态，近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时，其次是一般过去时。1 (2013福建，26)The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a wee
2、k over the last three years.Atook Bis takingCtakes Dhas been taking2(2013北京，28)Hurry up! Mark and Carl _ us.Aexpect Bare expectingChave expected Dwill expect3(2013北京，32)So what is the procedure?All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.Ainterview Bare interviewingCare int
3、erviewed Dare being interviewed4(2013湖南，22)“What do you want to b？”asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh, I_president，”said the boy, with a smile.Ahave been Bam Cwas Dwill be5(2013湖南，26)If nothing_，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.Adoes Bhad been doneCwill do Dis done6(2013湖南，34)I dont understand why you did
4、nt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry.But I_my homework.Ahad done Bwas doing Cwould do Dam doing7(2013江苏，21)Generally，students inner motivation with high expectations from others_essential to their development.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere8(2013江苏，25)Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I
5、_a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have writtenChave written Dhave been writing9(2013山东，27)Oh no! Were too late.The train_. Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.Awas leaving Bhad leftChas left Dhas been leaving10 (2013辽宁，22)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all，he_it for a v
6、ery long time.A.has had Bhad had Chas Dhad【例1】 “Life is like walking in the snow，”Granny used to say，“because every step _.”Ahas shown Bis showing Cshows Dshowed【例2】 The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of
7、smoking.Asuggest Bsuggests Csuggested Dsuggesting一般现在时1经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语如every.，sometimes，at.等连用。I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2 客观真理、客观存在、科学事实或格言警句，若出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。The sun rises in the east and sets in the westColumbus proved that the earth is round.(客观真理)3一般现在时表将来
8、下列动词：come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。多用于时间表，时刻表Id say goodbye to you, my train is leaving ,The train leaves at 8.30.4 if条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。当然，一般现在时还可以用在由if, unless, even if ,引导的条件状语从句中。由when , before , until, ,as soon as ,the moment, once 引导的时间状语从句中。由no
9、 matter what/ who/which/when/where/ how 或what/who/where/which/when/where/how+ever引导的让步状语从句中这时，主句往往表将来（出现will/shall/can/must)或主句是祈使句。一句话语法-主将从现-I wont go there， if it rains tomorrow.I will go with you as soon as I finish my work-can I join your club, Dad?-You can when you get a bit older Dont try to
10、run before you begin to walkTurn on the Tv and you will often see ads showing happy families注意：1.从句的概念 2.从句中的“现”包括一般现在和现在完成时(08北京)No decision ( ) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A. will be made B.is made C.is being made D.has been made （2）Do you have any p
11、roblem if _you this job?A. offer B.will offer C.are offer D.will be offered（3） Dont get off the bus until it _.A.has stopped B.stopped C.will stop D.shall stop5.在某些以here ,there 开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。6. -Is everyone here? -Not yet. Look, there _ the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D
12、. are coming一般过去时（状语多为，then/yesterday/the other day,i 1978语境中表示“刚才， 在过去”暗示现在已“不再这样”-come in ,peter, I want to show you something-oh, how nice of you,I never thought you were going to bring me a gift-your phone number again? Ididnt quite catch it-it is 76544444-Nancy is not coming tonight-but she pro
13、mised【例3】 The three of us _ around Europe for about a month last summer.Atravelled Bhave travelledChad travelled DTravel【例4】 When I got on the bus，I _ I had left my wallet at home.Awas realizing BrealizedChave realized Dwould realize【特别提醒】1 一般过去时也可与since和for引导的时间状语连用。表示叙述某一动作或状态在过去持续了一段时间后终止或过去某段时间发
14、生了若干次时用一般过去时例如：Mary worked in this factory for 5yearsI went to beijing 3 times last yearI _ in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.Alived Bwas livingChave lived Dhad lived2.句式(1)用于句型“Its / It has been + 一段时间 + since + 时间状语从句”中，译作“自从以来, 已经(时间)了”。如 Its / has been three months since he moved to this city. 要求：主句的谓v.用一般现在时或现在完成时；从句的谓v.用一般过去时，而且须是终止性动词。(2)用于句型“一段时间 + has passed since + 时间状语从句”中，译作“自从以来, (时间)已经过去了”。如上个例句还可写成：Three mon
