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1、 因材施教 知任善育动词种类与基本形式一、 动词的分类按照动词在句中的作用，英语动词可分为四类；实义动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。1、实义动词（行为动词）实义动词（行为动词）说明动作或状态，能独立作谓语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。She types fast.她打字速度很快。He studies in this school.他在这所学校学习。（1）及物动词及物动词必须接宾语，才能有完整的意思，这可以有三种情况； 动词+宾语 Her father enjoys warm tea very much in summer.她的父亲夏天非常爱喝热茶。 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Did he gi
2、ve you a present yesterday?May I ask you a question? 动词+宾语+宾补They call her Little Li They elected Bush president.他们选布什当总统(2)不及物动词不及物动词本身有完整的意思其后不需要跟宾语。例如：His mother works in a hospitalShe stayed at home yesterday.有些动词有时用作及物动词，有时用作不及物动词，词义有时相同，有时不同。When did your father leave Beijing? He left yesterda
3、y.记住下面这些可带双宾语的动词buy, bring, build, cook, cut, draw, find, hand, get, leave, lend,make, offer pay, pass, read,return, show, sell, tell, teach, write等。2、记住下面带宾补的动词 要求名词作宾补的动词call, name, make, leave, think等。 要求形容词作宾补的动词want, keep, find, get, paint, turn, cut等。2、连系动词连系动词本身有意义，但不能在句子中单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，如b
4、e, seem, look, become, get, appear, remain, feel, sound等。He is a lawyer. She looks very beautiful.3、助动词助动词本身没有意义，只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气等动词形式，表示否定，疑问等结构中的谓语动词。常用的助动词有：shall, will.have, should, would, do, be等。I dont know where he is.（否定句）Do you have a dictionary with you? (疑问句)I have been to Shanghai t
5、wice.（现在完成时）There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.（一般将来时）4、情态动词情态动词表示说话人在能力、必要、义务或猜测等方面的语气或态度，有自已的词义，但不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语动词，没有人称和数的变化。如：can, may, must, would, should, need, dare, might, used to 等。She can speak English fluently.她能流利和说英语。You may take the book with you if you like.如果你喜欢，可以把这本书拿走
6、。Need we hand in our exercise-books before class?我们需要在上课前交练习本吗？There must be a mistake.准是弄错了。You shouldnt do that.你不应该做那件事。情态动词二要点动词原形跟后面，说话语气较委婉。can表“能力”，may“许可”, must“责任或义务”, 否定回答neednt 换；“需要”need, dare“敢”，should“应该”，would“愿”，have to“被迫”表客观。二、 动词的基本形式英语的动词变化较为复杂，通过其本身词形的变化和与助动词及情态动词的连用，表示不同的时态、语态及
7、语气。多数动词的基本形式有四种：现在式；过去式；过去分词；现在分词。1、现在式：动词的现在式即动词原形（如：meet, do, like等），用于祈使句、不定式的时态中的一般现在时，但碰到单数第三人称时，需要在动词原形词尾加-s(其构成法与名词复数的构成法及读单相同，如meets, does, likes, studies。I live in the center of the town.我住在市中心。He often goes to school by bus.他经常乘公共汽车上学。Sometimes they play basketball in the weekends. 有时他们在周末
8、打篮球。2、过去式：过去式主要用于过去时（不因人称和数而弯化），有规则和不规则两种变化。多数动词都是规则动词，在动词原形之后-ed构成过去式（和 过去分词），如:liked, studied。不规则动词的变化则应特别记忆（或查不规则动词表），如：met did。I went home at half past five yesterday. I was gald to receive you letter of 16 th May.3、过去分词：与hava或had构成完成时态，与be构成被动时态。构成情况与过去式相同。developed countries发达国家boiled 开水rozen冷
9、冻食品spoken English英语口语Tom has already passed this exam.She said she had borrowed a new book4、现在分词：一般情况在词尾加-ing looking, walking以不发音的字母e结尾的，去掉e后再加-ingmake-making, lose-losing以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ingrun-running, get-getting, begin-beginning现在分词的作用是，可与be构成进行时，或用作形容词或动名词。developing countries
10、发展中国家boiling water 沸腾的水freezing wind 刺骨的寒风I heard the senior students singing in the hall.My father was cooking when I got home yesterday.教学第三个环节：巩固练习一般现在时：句子中常有often, usually, always, sometimes, every day, on Sundays 等词，表示一般的情况。 例：1.I often go to school at half past six . Do you go to school at hal
11、f past six? Yes, I do.No, I dont. 22.He usually does his homework in the evening. Does he usually do his homework in the evening? Yes, he does.No, he doesnt 3.Mary flies kites on Sundays. Does Mary fly kites on Sundays? Yes, she does.No, she doesnt. 练习 1，我们经常在夏天游泳。 翻译_ 问题_ 2，他每天打扫教室。 翻译_ 问题_ 3，本经常在晚
12、上看电视。 翻译_ 问题_ 一般现在时用法专练一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One. 3. We(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. they (like) the World Cup? 6. Whatthey often(do) on Saturdays? 7. your parents(read) newspapers every day? 8. The g
13、irl (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening. 10. There (be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike(like) cooking. 12. They(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always(do) your homework well. 15. I(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE. 18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term. 20.What day(be) it today? Its Saturday. 二、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) 2. I do my home
