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1、 2022年职称英语理工类概括大意习题(15)Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now.At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless el
2、ectricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modern Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out t
3、o new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing.More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for exam
4、ple, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only t
5、o provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children”s departments. In additi
6、on to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one “should“ visit, they are places to enjoy.One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. M
7、any of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of are; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the
8、 US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All the
9、se groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times.The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,
10、000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.In fact, the cro
11、wds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a
12、museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.1. Paragraph 2_.2. Paragraph 3_.3. Paragraph 4_.4. Paragraph 5_.A Causes of changesB Increasing number of museums and visitorsC Museums getting closer to more spectatorsD Movies shown in museumsE New notions about the management of
13、 museumsF Places to visit5. Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but_.6. With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _.7. To meet the needs of society, more museums_.8. Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they _.A have higher demands of museumsB are open to more people with different social backgroundC to lengthen their opening hoursD charge too little for admissionE have been built and open to publicKEY: CEABBAED
