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1、2022年考博英语-武汉大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Self-esteem is what people think about themselveswhether or not they feel valued and when family members have self-respect, pride, and belief in themselves, this high self-esteem makes it possible to cope with the everyday problems of growing up.Successful par
2、ent begins by communicating to children that they are loved for no other reasons than just because they exist. Through touch and tone of voice parents tell their infants whether or not they are valued, special, and loved, and it is these messages that form the basis of the childs self-esteem. When c
3、hildren grow up with love and are made to feel lovable despite their mistakes and failures, they are able to interact with others in a responsible, honest, and loving way. A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties arise, making it easier to see a problem as temporary, manageab
4、le, and something from which the individual can emerge.If, however, children grow up without love and without feelings of self-worth, they feel unlovable and worthless and expect to be cheated, taken advantage of, and looked down upon by others. Ultimately their actions invite this treatment, and th
5、eir self-defeating behavior turns expectations into reality. They do not have the personal resources to handle everyday problems in a healthy way, and life maybe viewed as just one crisis after another. Without a healthy self-esteem they may cope by acting out problems rather than talking them out o
6、r by withdrawing and remaining indifferent towards themselves and others. These individuals grow up to live isolated, lonely lives, lacking the ability to give the love that they have never received.Self-esteem is a kind of energy, and when it is high, people feel like they can handle anything. It i
7、s what one feels when special things are happening or everything is going great. A word of praise, a smile, a good grade on a report card, or doing something that creates pride within oneself can create the energy. When feelings about the self have been threatened and self-esteem is low, everything
8、becomes more of an effort. It is difficult to hear, see, or think clearly, and others seem rude, inconsiderate, and rough. The problem is not with others, it is with the self but often it is not until energies are back to normal that the real problem is recognized.Children need help understanding th
9、at their self-esteem and the self-esteem of those they interact with have a direct effect on each other. For example, a little girl comes home from school and says, “I need livings, cause my feelings got hurt today.” The mother responds to the childs need to be held and loved. If instead the mother
10、said she was too busy to hold the little girl, the outcome would have been different.The infants self-esteem is totally dependent on family members, and it is not until about the time the child enters school that outside forces contribute to feelings about the self. A child must also learn that a ma
11、jor resource for a healthy self-esteem comes from within. Some parents raise their children to depend on external rather than internal reinforcement through practices such as paying for good grades on report cards or exchanging special privileges for good behavior. The child learns to rely on others
12、 to maintain a high self-esteem and is not prepared to live in a world in which desirable behavior does not automatically produce a tangible reward such as a smile, money, or special privileges.Maintaining a healthy self-esteem is a challenge that continues throughout life. One family found that the
13、y could help each other identify positive attitudes. One evening during an electric storm the family gathered around the kitchen table, and each person wrote down two things that they liked about each family member. These pieces of paper were folded and given to the appropriate person, who one by on
14、e opened their special messages. The father later commented, “It was quite an experience, opening each little piece of paper and reading the message. I still have those gifts, and when Ive had a really bad day, I read through them and I always come away feeling better.The foundation of a healthy fam
15、ily depends on the ability of the parents to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth to each child. This is the basis on which self-esteem is built, and as the child grows, self-esteem is reflected in the way he or she interacts with others.1.According to this passage, a person with a se
16、lf-esteem（ ）.2.Which is one of the effective means that parents should employ for fostering a childs selfesteem?3.Which of the following statements is true?4.The authors main point in writing this article is（ ） .问题1选项A.often withdraws from the societyB.always remains indifferent towards himself and other peopleC.has pride and belief in himselfD.tends to take advantage of others问题2选项A.Paying for good grades on report c
