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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题With a wide variety of fresh fruit（ ）available, canned fruit is no longer so popular as before.问题1选项A.personallyB.readilyC.rarelyD.properly【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项personally“亲自地；当面；个别”；B选项readily“容易地；乐意地”；C选项rarely“很少地”；D选项properly“恰当地”。句意：随着各种各样的新鲜水果可（ ）获得，罐头水果不再像以前那样
2、受欢迎。根据语境，因为新鲜水果容易购买，于是水果罐头不那么受欢迎了，readily“容易地”符合题意。因此B选项正确。2. 翻译题FROM CHINESE TO ENGLISH我说过我们要发展记忆，那是因为我们生活中有此需要。没有文化的动物中，能以本能来应付生活，就不必有记忆。我这样说，其实也包含了另一项意思，就是人在记忆上发展的程度是依他们生活需要而决定的。我们每个人，每一刻，所接触的外界众多复杂，但是并不进入我们的感觉，我们有所选择。和我们眼睛所接触的外界我们并不都看见，我们只看见我们所注意的，我们的视线有焦点，焦点依着我们的注意而移动。注意的对象由我们选择，选择的根据是我们生活的需要。【
3、答案】I said we develop memories because we need them in our lives. Without culture, animals cope with life by instinct. Thus memory is necessary for them. By saying this, I also mean that people develop memory according to the needs of their lives. Every one of us, is connected to this vast and comple
4、x world in every moment, but dont receive all into our senses, which means we choose. We do not see everything that our eyes touch. We see only what we notice, because there is a focus in our sight which moves on the basis of our attention. And the object of attention is chosen by us, according to t
5、he needs of our life.3. 单选题Each（ ）effort a baby makes at speech is a sign of intellectual development.问题1选项A.cordialB.compactC.clumsyD.chronic【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项cordial“热情的，真诚的”；B选项compact“体积小的，精制的”；C选项clumsy“笨拙的，不灵活的”；D选项chronic“长期的，慢性的”。句意：婴儿在说话时的每一次（ ）努力都是智力发展的标志。“每一次热情的/体积小的/长期的努力”都没有“笨拙的”更合适，因
6、此C选项正确。4. 单选题Cardinal MEZZOFANTI of Bologna was a secular saint who was said to speak 72 languages. Or 50. No one was certain of the true figure, but it was a lot. Visitors flocked from all comers of Europe to test him and came away stunned. Two condemned prisoners were due to be executed, but no on
7、e knew their language to hear their confession. Mezzofanti learned it in a night, heard their sins the next morning and saved them from hell.Or so the legend goes. In “Babel No More”, Michael Erard has written the first serious book about the people who master vast numbers of languagesor claim to. A
8、 journalist with some linguistics training, Mr. Erard is not a hyperpolyglot himself (he speaks some Spanish and Chinese), but he approaches his topic with both wonder and a healthy dash of scepticism.To find out whether anyone could really learn so many languages, Mr. Erard set out to find Modern M
9、ezzofantis. The people he meets are certainly interesting. One man with a mental age of nine has a vast memory for foreign words and the use of grammatical endings, but he cannot seem to break free of English word order. Ken Hals, who was a linguist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and d
10、ied in 2001, was said to have learned 50 languages. Professional linguists sill swear by his talent. But he insisted he spoke only three (English, Spanish and Warlpirifrom Australias Northern Territory) and could merely “talk” in others. Mr. Erard says that true hyperpolyglottery begins at about 11
11、languages, and that while legends abound, tried and tested exemplars are few.At the end of his story, however, Erard finds a surprise in Mezzofantis archive: flashcards. Stacks of them, in Georgian, Hungarian, Arabic, Algonquin and nine other tongues. The worlds most celebrated hyperpolyglot relied
12、on the same tools given to first-year language learners today. The conclusion? Hyperpolyglots may begin with talent but they arent geniuses. They simply enjoy tasks that are drudgery to normal people. The talent and enjoyment drive a virtuous cycle that pushes them to feats others simply shake their
13、 heads at.1.The word “hyperpolyglot” (para. 2) refers to the one who（ ）.2.By “a healthy dash of skepticism”, the author demonstrates Mr. Erards（ ）.3.Mr. Erards efforts to find the Modern Mezzofantis（ ）.4.What is the emphasis in the last paragraph?5.The passage is most likely a part of（ ）.问题1选项A.enjo
14、ys learning languagesB.receives strict language trainingC.speaks many languagesD.excels in language tests问题2选项A.biased opinionB.objective attitudeC.strong motivationD.extreme curiosity问题3选项A.are not very fruitfulB.will not end in vainC.seem to pay offD.are highly appreciated问题4选项A.There is no shortc
15、ut in language learning.B.We all have the potential to be a good language learner.C.Some people are more gifted to learn languages.D.Good language learners have special learning techniques.问题5选项A.a research paperB.a science fictionC.a news reportD.a book review【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第二段第三句A journalist with some linguistics training, Mr. Erard is not a hyperpolyglot himself (he speaks some Spanish and Chinese)，（埃拉尔是一名记者，接受过一些语言学训练，但他自己并不是（ ），他会说一点西班牙语和汉语），会说一点西班牙语和汉语用来补充解释前面的 hyperpolyglot，和C选项“会说多种语言”对应，hype
