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1、中考】60个历年常考单词和短语用法大总结（3）31. 与现在完成时连用的两个时间状语for + 一段时间since +时间点/ 一般过去时的句子We have bee n study ing En glish for three years.我们三年来一直在学习英语。He has bee n stay ing here since he was five years old.自从五岁以来，他一直待在这里。We haven t seen each other since ten years ago.自从十年前以来，我们一直没有见过彼此。注意：for和since可以相互转换。Jenny has b
2、ee n collect ing coins for several years. = Jenny has bee ncollect ing coins since several years ago.珍妮收集硬币已经有几年的时间了。32. 除.之外except（不包括在内）besides（包括在内）Every one could an swer this questi on except Jim.除了吉姆，大家都能够回答这个问题。There are three girls besides me.除了我之外，还有三个女孩。33. 已经already用于肯定句中yet用于否定句和疑问句末Have
3、 you see n the film yet ？你看过这部电影了吗？I haven t locked the door yet.我还没有锁门。Mom has already watered the flowers.妈妈已经浇花了。34. 否定祈使句Don t do sth.=No + doing / n.Don t smoke here.= No smoking here.这里禁止吸烟。Don t take photos.= No photos.禁止拍照。35. 也too放肯定句末和疑问句末either放否定句末 also放肯定句中She is a girl. I am a girl , t
4、oo.她是个女孩。我也是女孩。Do you play soccer every day , too ?你也每天都踢足球吗？He also likes collect ing thin gs.他也喜欢收集东西。注意：also放在实意动词前，be之后.36. 要求严格be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth.对某事要求严格Miss Zhang is strict in her work and she is strict with her stu den ts.张老师对自己的工作要求严格，对她的学生要求严格37. 需要做某事n eed to do sth
5、主语是人need doi ng sth 主语是物（主动形式表被动含义）The classroom needs cleaning. It s too dirty.教室需要被打扫，太脏了。Childre n n eed to sleep a lot.孩子们需要很多睡眠。through :介词（从内部穿过）across :介词（从表面穿过）cross :动词（从表面穿过）Be careful whe n you cross the street.过街的时候要小心The man went through the forest.这个男人穿过了森林。He swam across the river.他游过
6、了河。39.表建议的句型Why don t you do sth = Why not do sth ? 为什么不？How /what about doi ng sth ？ 做怎么样？Let s do sth.让我们Why don t you have a cup of tea ？ =Why not have a cup of tea ？为什么不喝一杯茶呢？Let s go out for a walk.让我们出去散步吧。How about practice conv ersatio ns？ 练习对话怎么样?So +助/系/情态+主语表示肯定意义（也是如此）Neither +助/系/情态+主语表
7、示否定意义（.也不）My mother didn t go to school. Neither did my father.妈妈没上过学，爸爸也没上过。James comes from the USA . So does Tom.詹姆斯来自美国。汤姆也是。My pen pal can speak Japa nese. So can I.我的笔友会说日语。我也会。My sister isn t outgoing. Neither am I.我的姐姐不外向，我也不外向。both两者都all三者或三者以上都The twins both are good stude nts.这对双胞胎都是好学生Th
8、ere are lots of colorful flowers on two sides of the streets.在街道两边有很多五颜六色的话。There are five people in my family. We all like playing sports. My parentsboth love us. We are very happy.我们家有五个人。我们都喜欢运动。父母都很爱我们。我们都很快乐。.alone / Ion elyalone 单独，独自一人Ionely孤独的，寂寞的（有一定的感情色彩）He is alone at home.他独自一人在家。He live
9、s a Ion ely life in the country.他在这个国家过着孤独的生活43. i n/o n the treein the tree 外来的on the tree 长在树上的I saw a cat in the tree.我看到树上有只猫There are many apples on the tree.树上有很多苹果。44. in/on the wallin the wall 指在墙体内on the wall指在墙体表面There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。There is a door in the wall.墙上嵌着一道门。45. on/i n the bedon the bed 指物品在床上in bed指人躺在床上My bag is on the bed.我的包在床上。Lily is ill in bed.莉莉躺在床上。
