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1、 2022年职称英语考试:卫生类模拟试题（一）(3)Sunbath and Skin CancerIn the summer, millions of Americans will offer up their bodies to the sun rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it , including themselves.With each hour, the sun”s ultraviolet radiation prod
2、uces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles. And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer. Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400,000 new cases will be detected this year in the Unite
3、d States, and almost all of them can be blamed on over-exposure to the sun.Fortunately, most of these cancers are highly curable. But they can be disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason, sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe. Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard
4、 posed by UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV, however, interferes with the production of collagen fibers in the dermis, causing the skin to lose elasticity and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration of the dermis deprives the epidermis of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dr
5、y.Cancer is UV”s final result. Shortwave radiant energy, especially from the UV-B band, breaks the strands of DNA. Enzymes work constantly to rearrange the DNA into proper sequence, but with repeated UV exposure, the repair process may eventually break down. Then the mutant DNA may produce a colony
6、of cancer cells. But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense. People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the highest risk. Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun, such as the cheeks, nose, lower lip and the ears. People wh
7、o have already developed precancerous lesions or had one skin-cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others.Dermatologists recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen. These lotions
8、and salves contain chemicals that block out the burning UVB radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin.31. According to the passage, over-exposure to the sun may result in _A. the wrinkles that cannot be seen.B. the skin cancer.C. all kinds of sacrifices.D. healthful beauty.32. Th
9、e underlined word “deity” in the third paragraph refers to _A. something mysterious.B. the skin cancer.C. the sun.D. overexposure to the sun.33. Which of the following comes first as a possible damage by UV radiation?A. Sunburn.B. The loss of skin elasticity.C. Dryness of epidermis.D. The deteriorat
10、ion of dermis.34. Why may the repair process of the DNA finally fail?A. Because shortwave radiant energy breaks the strands of the DNA.B. Because the DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells.C. Because enzymes work to rearrange the DNA into a new order.D. Because the patient is exposed to UV from time to time.35. The last paragraph of the passage mainly discusses_A. the treatment of the skin cancer.B. the prevention of the skin cancer.C. the parts of the body where cancer is most likely to develop.D. the lotions that work best in fighting against the skin cancer.
