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1、格栅:(GRATINGS)左面部分焊接距为4O.C的定位钢筋(WITH SPACER BARS WELDED 4O.C)焊接距为2O.C的定位钢筋(WITH SPACER BARS WELDED 2O.C)注:平面支承由适当角度的钢或铝组成。定位钢筋可能是正方形,长方形,或其他形状。定位钢筋通过按入或焊接使预制槽沟与支承面相连接。他们与支承钢筋有着相同尺寸的开口端或末端。标准定位钢筋的尺寸是1/14和1/4英寸(CONSRUCTED OF FLAT BEARING BARS OF STEEL OR ALUMIUMAL-BEARS WITH SPACE BARS AT RIGHT ANGLES。
2、SPACES BARS MAYBE SQUAR,RECTANGUR OR OF ANOTHER SHAPE。SPACER BARE ARE CONNECTED TO BEARING BARS BY PRESSING THEM INTO PREPARED SLOTS OR BY WELDING 。THEY HAVE OPEN ENDS OR ENDS BANDED WITH FLAT BARS ABOUT THE SAME SIZE AS WELDED BEARING BARS。STANDARD BAR SPACING ARE 1/14 AND 1/4 IN)矩形钢筋格栅(焊接或压锁)(RECT
3、ANGULAR BAR GRATING)(WELDED OR PRESSURE LOCKED)定位钢筋的铆接点尺寸大约为7O.C (WITH SPACER BAR RIVETED APPROX 7O.C)用于普通安装(USED FOR AVERAGE INSTALLATION)定位钢筋的铆接点尺寸大约为3-1/2OR4(WITH SPACER BARS RIVETED 3-1/2OR4)用于重型车辆或车轮设备(USED FOR HEARY TRAFFIC AND WHEELEDR EQUIPMENT IS USED)注:平面支撑钢筋由钢或铝组成,连续弯曲间隔装置或网状钢筋通过铆接与支撑钢筋相连
4、接。他们与支撑钢筋有着相同尺寸的开口端或末端,且焊接至整个末端。一般的钢筋间距是1/6,1/8,2 5/6英寸,许多钢筋格栅并不在公共的行人交通中应用。细孔格栅(1/4英寸)由钢或铝组成,主要用于人行道区域。NOTE:FLAT BARING BARS ARE MADE OF STEEL OR ALUMINUM AND CONTINUOUS BENT SPACER OR RETICULATE BARS ARE RIVETED TO THE BEARING BARS。USUALLY THEY HAVE OPEN ONES OR ENDS THAT ARE BANDED WITH FLAT BARS
5、 OF THE SAME SIZE AS BEARING BARS。WELDED ACROSS THE ENDS NORMAL SPACING OF BARSARE1/6,1/8 2 5/6,IN MANY BAR GRATING CANNOT BE USED IN AREAS PUBLIC PEDESTRAN TRAFFIC (OPENINGS ARE TOO BIG GOR CRUTHES,CANES,WOMENTS SHOES ET)CLOSE MESH GRATING IS 1/4 AVAILABLE IN STEEL AND ANMINUM FOR USE PEDESTRAN TRA
6、FFIC AREAS。网状格栅(铆接)(RETICUCATED GRATING)(RIVETED)轮廓图(PLAN) 剖面图(SECTION)注:栅栏由铝合金冲压而成,整个底纹有自然光泽度或阳极电镀,表面顶部实心或开孔,标准表面区宽度是6英寸NOTE:GRATING IS EXTRUDED FROM ALUMINNM ALLOY IN ONE PIECE WITH INTERGRAL BEAM RIBS ARE CAN HAVE A NATURAL FINISH OR BE ACODIZED 。TOP OF SURFACE MAYBE SOLID OR PUNCHED STANDARD PAN
7、EL WITH 6 IN铝板栅栏(ALUMINUM PLANK GRATING) 法兰区(铝棒)(FLANGE BOLCK)(ALUMINUM-BAR)支撑梁(BEARING BAR) 圬工凹槽(MASONRY RECESSED)角钢(ANGLE) 轨道(RAILING)鞍夹(SADDLE CLIP)标准安装净空(STANDARD ERECTION CLEARANCE)通过焊接连接,栅栏作为一个整体单元(USUALLY ATTACHED BY WELDING WHERE SUPPORT AND CRATE ARE CONSTRUTED AS A UNIT)紧固或松散格栅-常用零件图(FIXED
8、 OR LOOSE GRATIN-TYPICAL DETAILS)右面图部分:标准双槽格栅(STANDARD DOUBLE-SLOT GRATING)标准单槽格栅(STANDARD SINGLE-SLOT GRATING)平行三槽格栅(TRIPLE-SLOT GRATING SLOTS PARALLTEL TO FRAME)实心覆盖部分(SOLID COVER)车道格栅(WHEELCHAIR/BICYCLE GRATING)人行道格栅(PEDESTRIAN GRATING)注:格栅由灰铸铁,球墨铸铁,铸造铝构成(GRATES MADE OF GRAY CAST IRON,DUCTILE CAS
9、T IRON,CAST ALUMINUM)标准格栅设计(STANDARD GRATES DESIGN)992页格栅(GRATES)角钢(STEEL ANGLE)支持格栅的角钢尺寸主要取决于格栅的钢筋深度(SIZE OF ANGEL SUPPORTING GRATING DEPEND ON DEPTH OF GRATING BARS)铰链式格栅-常见零件图(HINGED GRATING-TYPICAL DETAILS)格栅(GRATING)塞焊缝(PLUG WELD)格栅开沟结构图(TRENCH GRATINGS-FRAME DETAILS)常见L类型构架(TYPE L FRAME)截面图(SE
10、CTION)993页装饰铁制品总述:熟铁是一种相对韧性和可塑性都较好的商业铁制品,字面理解就是一种“流行”和“已成型”铁制品。ASM.A.186 把熟铁定位含碳量为0.03-0.05,一种风靡19世纪的铁制品,如此低碳量的铁在如今已很稀缺,在大多数建筑中,都是使用含碳量较高的铁的合金。低碳量铁或塑性较好的铁已经变得十分珍贵。注:1. 钢筋和铁都是装饰建筑中常用的金属,其他常用的金属有铝,(轻重且防锈),抛光青铜,黄铜,红铜等。锻造已成为现今的主要工艺。少部分已经在慢慢还原。2. 铁制品的加工工艺不易被掌握,需要付出高价,才能得到优质铁制品。性能相似的类型或价格相似的产品可以参照相关书目。更多的
11、详细信息或参考及商场地点可以参考 “NATIONAL ORNAMENTAL AND MISCELLANEOUS METAL ASSOCIATION(NOMA)AND ARISTS-BLACKSMITHS ASSOCIATION OF NORTHAMERICA”。3. 在装饰工作中,NOMMA发表了指导手册。他们是:FINISH#1(没有任何焊接点)FINISH#2(全部沙式接缝,有一些孔缝或切口)FINISH#3(部分有飞溅焊点)FINISH#4(优质,有均匀的飞溅焊点)图形部分:金属构架安装-圬工开口的零件图(METAL GRILWORK INSTALLATION-DETAILS FOR M
12、ASONRY OPENINGS)装饰格栅(ORNAMENTAL GRILL TYP)焊接(WELD)嵌入圬工结构的钢筋(STEEL BAR SET INTO MASONRY)金属销钉(METAL PIN)必备的膨胀螺栓(EXPANSION BOLTS AS NECESSERY)钢筋角钢(STEEL ANGEL)膨胀螺栓(EXPANSION BOLTS)钢筋端头(BAR ENDS)交叉部分(INTERSECTING MEMBERS)圆头或埋头铆钉(ROUND HEAD OR COUNTERSUNK RIVERT)可能固定销钉,埋头铆钉,和尖锤(PIN MAY BE CUT,COUNTERSUNK
13、,OR PEENED(HAMMERED)弯头结构(CORNER CONDITIONS)焊缝(WELD)两个平头螺钉(2-FLAT HEAD TAPPED SCREWS)表格部分的翻译:相关数字略实心铁和含碳钢的常见尺寸和重量(磅/英尺)(TYPICAL SIZES AND WEIGHTS(LB PER FT)FOR SOLID IRON AND CARBON STEEL BARS)直径或厚度(英寸)(DIAMETER OR THICKNESS IN)圆度(直径)(英寸)(ROUNDS(DEAMETER IN)994页:装饰铁制品零件图焊接(WEILD)铆钉或螺栓(RIVETS OR BOLTS
14、)圆头铆钉(ROUND-HEAT RIVET)卷盘和销钉(SPOOL AND PIN)槽沟(SLOTS)上带和下带相重叠的部分(LOWER BAND OVERLAPPED BY AND SET UNDER UPPER BAND)混杂连接(MISCELLANEOUS CONNENTIONS)卷曲和焊接部分(CRIMPED AND WELD MEMEMBER)995页穿孔金属综述穿孔金属最初是为了减轻局部部分的重量或控制气体和液体的流向而设立的。因为建筑部分的穿孔金属可以控制设备或做简单的装饰,当他们嵌入到灯光装置,格栅或天花板时,可以做消声器,来过滤灯光和模糊场景。在家具业或其他设计中,穿孔金属
15、仍然可以保持很高的强度和通风性能。他们可以整合和分解许多类型的微波,所以常用控制微波的发散。一些电力设备也常发散EMP/RFT注:1. 金属常用穿孔机穿孔,这种机器最适合厚度为0.08-3英寸的金属板,超过此尺寸的金属板,穿孔要用专门的打孔机。2. 穿孔金属板的用途决定着尺寸,形状和孔的结构。其强度和刚度随用途而变化。穿孔金属材料在不同领域有着广泛的应用主要取决于几何,材料,承载状况等,设计数据可在表格中查询3. 穿孔金属的形状多为圆形,方形,槽类,其他特殊形状孔的组合并不实际可用。INDUSTRIA PERFORATORS ASSOCIATION(IPA)所列表的可用做为标准数据。4. 穿孔金属的设计和公差,参照IPA5. 所有穿孔金属板中,孔径为0.2-6英寸是最主要的尺寸,因为圆孔工作效率更高和花费更少,比其他形状其强度也高。6. 非标准断口结构要求有特殊模具,非标边界易引起薄板的弯曲,滚压机可以改善这种状况,但也并不常用。每平方英寸的孔径大小尺寸计算公式为%OPEN AREA/78.51*D*D影响穿孔花费的列表:1. 材质。最便宜的材料不一定省钱,高强度的合金可以使厚度降低2. 材料厚度。比较薄的材料更容易穿孔3. 孔的形状和类型。圆形孔是最经济的。60X度的错位圆孔强度最高,