高考英语翻译一． 高考英语翻译题测试目标与命题走向高考英语翻译题要求考生根据括号里所提示的单词将句子从汉语译成英语测试目标：凡议题主要考查考生对词汇，语法和句型结构的综合运用能力，3分题设有两个考核点，4分题设有3个考核点，5分题设有4个考核点命题走向：翻译题不仅考查考生对所学英语基础知识的掌握程度，而且还要在一定程度上考查考生对中英两种语言表达差异的敏感性，要求考生将汉语的意思用符合英语语言习惯的句子表达出来如：1． 我不需要买新车，我的那辆旧车还很好condition）I don’t need to buy a new car because my old one is in good condition.2． 今天下午我没空，我和牙医有约appointment)I am not available/free this afternoon because I have an appointment with my dentist.3． 如果你方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹convenient)If it is convenient to you, please fetch/get the parcel for me from the post office.二．高考英语翻译题常设考点（一） 以动名词做主语的考点1． 长时间看电视有损视力。
harm)Watching TV for a long time does harm to one’s eyesight.2． 多吃蔬菜和水果有益于健康good)Having more vegetables and fruits does good to / is good for health3． 勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一avoid)Washing hands frequently/regularly is one of the effective means/ways of avoiding the disease infection/ being infected.4． 充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书keep)Making full/good use of time doesn’t mean keeping reading books from day/ morning to night.强化训练1． 吃太多的甜食容易使人发胖likely)Eating too much sweet food is likely to make people (get/become) fat.2． 大量服用这种药会产生副作用。
effect)Taking this kind of medicine too much will/ can cause/lead to/result in side effect.3． 丢失那条名贵的项链使珍妮很不开心make)Losing that valuable/ expensive necklace made Jane unhappy.4． 听愉快的音乐有助于从疲劳中恢复过来help)Listening to pleasant/ enjoyable music helps people recover from tiredness/ keep people refreshed.5． 广泛的阅读是扩大词汇量的最有效途径之一enlarge)Reading widely/ extensively is one of the most effective ways to enlarge/enrich one’s vocabulary.6． 定期复习课文可以使我们更好地掌握已学的知识enable)Going over/ reviewing the lessons regularly enables us to better master/grasp the knowledge we have learned.7． 大量砍伐树木已经对生态平衡带来了严重的影响。
upset)Cutting down a lot of/ a large number of trees has greatly/seriously upset the balance of nature/ ecological balance.8． 晚饭后看一会儿电视已成了我长期养成的一个习惯habit)Watching TV for a while after supper has already become my long established habit/ a habit that I have developed for a long time.（二） 以“IT”用法为主的考点1． 做形式主语括号里的提示词一般为“（It…）”，常用句型结构为：It is/was +adj. +of/for sb. to do sth2． 做形式宾语括号里的提示词一般为“（…it…）”是否需要用形式宾语翻译往往取决于句子中的动词，含又以下动词的句子可以考虑使用形式宾语来翻译：think, feel, find, keep, make, hate, love, take, appreciate等.如：More and more people find it necessary to learn English./ I think it very difficult to work out such a math problem./ I would appreciate it if you could open the door for me./ I hate it when people speak loudly over their mobile phone in public places.3． 强调句形“it is /was …that… 用强调句形翻译时，中文里一般会出现“是…；“正是…”之类的提示语，括号里若给提示词，一般也为“（it…）”如: It is because of his perseverance that led to his success.4． 固定句式。
固定句式中的“IT”也经常做形式宾语，其中包括；It is said ( believed, reported, estimated…) that…/ It (so) happened that…/ It seems that… / It is likely that…/ It (never) occurred to sb. that …/ It is known (to sb.) that… 等高考典型试题举例:1． 众所周知，吸烟会导致许多疾病It…)It is known to all that smoking can lead to/cause /give rise to many diseases.2． 据报道，近年来我国许多地方发生了严重的洪灾occur)It is reported that some terrible/serious floods have occurred in many areas/ parts of our country in recent years.3． 据说在那个湖底发现了一个古城的遗址discover)It is said that a site/relic of an ancient/old city was discovered at the bottom of that lake.4． 我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。
occur)It never occurred to me that Tom could/would be elected as Chairman of the Students’ Union.5． 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽It…)It is very difficult for those who haven’t been to the little /small village to describe its beauty.6． 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作…it…)I find it very difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.强化训练1． 汤姆很有可能乘错车了It…)It is very likely that Tom has got on a wrong bus /has taken the wrong bus.2． 约翰来拜访我时我碰巧不在家happen)It so happened that I wasn’t at home when John came to call on/drop in on/visit me.3． 我很讨厌人们满嘴食物时大声说话。
…it…)I very much hate it when people speak loudly with their mouths full of food.4． 据报道，飞机失事是由引擎故障引起的result)It is reported that the air crash resulted from/was caused by the failure of the engine.5． 我们已经定好了规矩，开会迟到的要惩罚…it…)We have made it a rule that whoever/anyone who is late for the meeting will be punished.6． 他清楚地表明在任何情况下他是不会放弃的…it…)He has made it clear that he won’t give up under any circumstances./in any case.7． 正是这种英语听说能力为他赢得了这个好机会earn)It is the listening and speaking abilities in English that earn him/enable him to win the good chance.8． 众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。
It)It is known to all that success comes from diligence and without efforts, nothing can be achieved.9．你要记住九点前你必须回家，否则就会遇到麻烦Keep)Keep in mind that you must get back home before 9, or you’ll get into/come across/meet with trouble.10．据估计，将有50万国内外客人来参观2010年上海世博会It）It is estimated that there will be more than 500 thousand guests from both home and abroad coming to visit /who will come to visit the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai.（三），以倒装句型为主的考点1． 我们的祖国从来没有像。