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1、第八讲 冠词一、 词汇play/plei/v.参加(比赛或运动)；玩耍guitar n.吉他 chess n.国际象棋 piano n.钢琴 drum n.喇叭 violin n.小提琴baseball/beisb:l/n.棒球tennis/tenis/n.网球ping-pong乒乓球soccer/sk/n.(英式)足球volleyball/vlib:l/n.排球basketball/b:skitb:l/n.篮球middle/midl/adj.中间的 n.中间school/sku:l/n.学校south n. 南； 南方north n. 北； 北方 east n.东方 west n.西方mon
2、th/mn/n.月；月份January/dnjuri/n.一月February/februri/n.二月March/m:t/n.三月April/eiprl/n.四月May/mei/n.五月June/du:n/n.六月July/du:lai/n.七月August/:gst/n.八月September/septemb/n.九月October/ktub/n.十月November/nuvemb/n.十一月December/disemb/n.十二月Sunday/sndi/n.星期日Monday/mndi/n.星期一Tuesday n.星期二Wednesday/wenzdi/n.星期三Thursday/:
3、zdi/n.星期四Friday/fraidi/n.星期五Saturday/stdi/n.星期六Tuesday/tju:zdi/n.星期二sun n.太阳 moon n.月亮 earth n.地球subject/sbdikt, sbdekt/n.学科；科目science/sains/n.科学music/mju:zik/n.音乐；乐曲math/m/n.数学Chinese/taini:z/n.语文；汉语 adj.中国的geography/digrfi/n.地理(学)history/histri/n.历史Japanese 日语French 法语English英语Russian俄语German德语Spa
4、nish西班牙语Korean韩语Indian 印度语dinner/din/n.正餐breakfast/brekfst/n.早餐；早饭lunch/lnt/n.午餐super n.晚餐work n.& v.工作shower n.v淋浴;淋浴器（间） speak v.说；说话 tell v. n讲述；告诉story n故事；小说 talk v. n说话；谈话 二、知识讲解冠词定义：不能独立使用，通常放在名词的前面分为：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。1、不定冠词：a、an。用在单数名词前，表示“一个，一件”。 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。 注：这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指
5、读音，而不是指字母。 元音音素: /i:/e/:/:/u:/:/ / /e/a/e/a/ a pen /pen/ 一支钢笔 (/p/为辅音音素) an orange / rind / 一个桔子 (/ /为元音音素) Practice 判断下列名词前用a还是an. _ HB _English _map _cup _ruler _pen _jacket_key_UFO_eraser _hour_honestboy There is _ “U” in the word “university”. There is _ “b”, _ “o” and _ “x” in the word “box”. T
6、hereis_ “n”onhispaper. _“c”isin“cat.” _“s”isin“sat.” Isthis_apple?-No,its_egg. -Isthat_pencil?-No,its_eraser. Thats_Englishcar. -WhatsthatinEnglish?-Its_car. Iam_teacher. Thisis_olddesk. 用法： （1）用在单数可数名词前，表示一个。 One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. There is an apple on the table.
7、（2）用在单数可数名词前，表示职业、身份。 She is a teacher. （3）固定搭配 have a cold/headache/stomachache/toothache/sore throat/fever have a rest take a shower=have a shower have a walk=take a walk=go for a walk have a rest half an hour2、定冠词：the 用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那、这些、那些。 基本用法： （1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The map on th
8、e wall is new. （2）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。 Look at the boy, please. （3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。 This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful. （4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。 the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the earth地球 the Great Wall长城 the Changjiang River长江 （5）用在姓氏的复数前表示一家人。The Greens （7）用于乐器前play the guitar/piano/violin/drums （8）用于固定词组 in th
9、e morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, on the left/on the right, in the middle of., in the south in the west in the east in the north 3、零冠词1) 表示人名、地名、国家名的名词前 China Bill Beijing2) 节假日、月份、星期、四季前不加冠词，但中国传统节日前一般要加the. Womens Day Mothers Day Christmas Easter Tree Planting Day Fathers Day in spring/
10、summer/autumn/winter 3) 复数名词表示一类人或者事物时不用冠词。 I like apples. Roses are my favourite flowers.4) 表示三餐、球类、棋类的名词前不用冠词。 She never has breakfast. play ping-pong play basketball play volleyball play tennis play soccer/football play baseball play chess 5) 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。 Lily can speak Chinese.6) 固定词组 at hom
11、e at last on time on foot at school at first 真题演练I.选择填空。1I have_pear; she has_orange. A.a:a B.a;an C.an;a D. an; an2Sam likes playing_basketball. A.a Bthe C3Lucys sister is_English teacher. A the Ba C D. an4I often play_violin, but I dont like playing _ basketball.A.; B.the; the C.the;5.-Would you l
12、ike _ green dress, Lucy? -Sorry, mum. I prefer _ orange one. A. an; an B.a;a C.an;a D.a;an6This is _ English book.Aa Ban Cthe7Our classroom is on_second floor. A. the B.a C8Do you have_alarm clock? A.a Ban Cthe D.9-Is it_ruler?-No. It is_eraser. A.; an B.a; an C.the; the10. There is _ b, _ o and _ x in the word box.
