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1、25个选择题共50分，两个简答题30分，两个计算题20分 张老师说：选择题要理解为什么，否则不一定能够做对 u 下面是第一章到第五章的选择题及答案余下答案：acadaccacbInterdependence: 互相依赖 international:. 国际的 microeconomic: 微观经济 interregional:地区间的Choice questions1 Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of( A)A the labor theory of valueB the opportunity
2、 cost theoryC the law of diminishing returns:边际报酬递减定律D all of the above2. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nation B can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input 投入), the range of mutually 互相的beneficial trade between nation A and B is: (C )A. 3Y3X5
3、YB. 5Y3X9YC. 3Y3X9YD. 1Y3X3Y3. The commodity商品 in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is thecommodity of its (D ).A. absolute disadvantage B. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantage D. comparative advantage4. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it i
4、s established thatnation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have: (D )A an absolute advantage in commodity YB an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC a comparative disadvantage in commodity YD a comparative advantage in commodity Y5. If domestically 国内的3X=3Y in nation
5、A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B: (D )A there will be no trade between the two nationsB the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC the relative price of Y is the same in both nationsD all of the above6. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency 货币usually ( B)A benefits U
6、.S. importers 进口商B benefits U.S. Exporters 出口商C benefits both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters7. The Mercantilists 重商主义者 did not advocate 提倡( A)A free tradeB stimulating the nations exports stimulate 刺激C restricting 限制the nations importsD the accumulati
7、on积聚of gold by the nation Slope 倾斜 stepwise 逐步地 equilibrium relative commodity均衡相对商品 intersection交叉点余下答案：BACDbd1. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y? ( D)A. It is given by the absolute slope斜率 of the indifference curve 无差异曲线B. declines下降 as the nation moves
8、down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curveD. all of the above2 The marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率 (MRT)of X for Y refers to ( D)A the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit 单位 of XB the opportunity cost of XC the absolute sl
9、ope of the production frontier生产可能性边界 at the point of productionD all of the above3 The marginal rate of substitution边际替换率(MRS) of X for Y in consumption消费 refers to the ( B)A amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain on thesame indifference curveB amount of Y t
10、hat a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on thesame indifference curveC amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higherindifference curveD amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higherindifference curve4. W
11、hich of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs? ( A)A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogenous同质的C. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion固定比例 in the production of all commoditiesD. For the nation to produce more of
12、 a commodity, it must use resources that are less and less suited 适合 in the production of the commodity5. Export prices出口价格 must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation: ( D)A incurs 招致 increasing opportunity costs in export productionB faces decreasing 减少 opportunity costs in p
13、roducing import substitutes. 替代品C faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumptionD all of the above6. In the trade between a small and a large nation (B ).A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeB. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from
14、tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to equally sharedD. we cannot say7 Commodity indifference curves (D )A are negatively slopedB are convex凸的 to the origin原点C should not cross交叉D all of the above8. Nation 1s share 份额 of the gains from trade will be greater: (B )A. the greater is nation 1s deman
15、d for nation 2s exportsB. the closer Px/Py with trade settles贸易落定 to nation 2s pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2s demand for nation 1s exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1s pretrade Px/Pyconcave凹的 intersect 相交 application 应用 equilibrium均衡 compensation principle补偿原则 isolation孤立 inside在之内 tangent切线 internal. 内部的 exceed超过specialize专门化 mutually 互相地 taste偏好余下答案：cdcacddddd1. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve: ( a)A. is a straight lineB. bulges凸出 toward the axis轴 measuring
