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1、专题13 完形填空易错点1 熟词生义掌握不全面1.He looked surprised, but got right to work, trying to find the _ tire.A.spareB.freeC.full D.empty【错因分析】spare熟义是“抽出时间”。【试题解析】在这篇文章中，spare意为“备用的”。【参考答案】 A 2. Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest told the front-desk clerk she ha
2、d had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet _.A.developedB.takenC.washed D.loaded【错因分析】develop熟义是“发展”。【试题解析】film在此意为“胶片”，故选A，develop意为“冲印”。【参考答案】A所谓“熟词生义”就是指有些词尽管我们认识，但出现在完形填空或者阅读理解中如果运用常见的含义来理解的话，会导致理解错误、文不对题、不知所云，这时我们就要换个角度运用这个词的特殊
3、含义来理解。平时要注意这些“熟词生义”的练习、巩固、背诵。Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being _ by the fierce winds.A. crushed B. abused C. broken D. removed【解析】abuse的熟义“谩骂，虐待”，但在文中是“摧残，蹂躏”。【答案】 B易错点2 忽视语境关系A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, In
4、c. One morning in 2009, Larry was41along 165 north after delivering to one of hiscustomers. 41. A. walkingB. touringC. travelingD. rushing【错因分析】 考生容易忽视语境关系盲目选择自认为正确的某个选项。【参考答案】 C巧用语境推测法近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示（
5、后文暗示前文的居多）。考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large apartment, I becameaware of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was thenthat I started to appreciate the tough ch
6、oices she had to make on balancing family and work.A. comfortableB. expensiveC. emptyD. modern【答案】C【名师点睛】完形填空中，若每题单独考虑，四个选项几乎均可成立，但完形填空考查的是在具体语境中对上下段、上下句乃至全文的整体理解和运用。考生往往只见树木不见森林，忽略对上下文的全面考虑而草率误选某一选项。完形填空所选文章是一个完整的语篇，因此考生在做题时必须结合上下文语境进行综合考虑。考生在平时做题时应该把握好文章的主线和上下文的内在联系。易错点3 忽视背景关系It had been a year s
7、ince Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness. Susans husband Mark watched her sink into hopelessness and he was determined to use every possible means to help his wife.Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would she get there? She us
8、ed to take the bus, but she now too frightend to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening untill she could make it herself. For two weeks, Mark accompanied Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other , specially
9、her hearing to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment.A. feelingsB. organsC. skillsD. senses【错因分析】做此题时，考生很容易忽视前文的特定语境而误选。【试题解析】本文讲述的是Susan丧失了视力，即成了一个盲人，因此她丈夫教她依靠别的“感官”，尤其是听觉来判断事情。【参考答案】D在解答这类完形填空时，考生要善于利用背景知识，也就是说利用文章所提供的上下文语境来解题。本文是围绕一个盲人来写的，这就是一个特定的背景。After _ the British f
10、lag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”。 【答案】C易错点4 忽视逻辑关系1. That holiday morning I didnt have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother allo
11、ws me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, _, I felt like getting us early.A. otherwiseB. thereforeC. howeverD. besides【错因分析】 考生可能会因弄不清空格所在处上下文的关系而误选。【试题解析】 该题后面的“getting us early”和前面的“sleep in”在行文上形成了对比，前后文之间为转折关系，故用however。【参考答案】 C2. My brother
12、fans his friends were all fansthey all bought tickets for the performance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldnt go, so my brother _ me the ticket. I was really excited!A. bookedB. offeredC. returnedD. found【错因分析】 so 表示前后两部分存在因果关系，如果不注意这点就容易出现错误。【参考答案】B考生在做这类题目时一定要很好的把握上下文的逻辑关系，掌握常
13、见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。1. Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elementsusually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and _ nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.A.
14、mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely【答案】C2. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, _, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically chang
15、ed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现；第二就是段落的前后衔接。但是，这个题出现在第二段的第一句 ，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看，我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现了一种转折关系。【答案】C易错点5 忽视逻辑关系One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if th
