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1、高考英语定语从句常见错误一、误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人whose用作疑问代词时，主要用于指人；但用作关系代词时，它既可指人也可指物。如：It was an island,whose nameI have forgotten.它是一座岛，名字我忘了。The factory,whose workersare all women, is closed during the holidays.这家工厂工人都是妇女，假期工厂关门了。二、混淆定语从句与并列句1.He has two children, and both of _ are abroad.A.them B.which C.whom
2、D.who2.He has two children, both of _ are abroad.A.them B.which C.whom D.who第1题选A，第2题选C。由于第1题中用了并列连词and，从而使整个句子为并列句，and后应是一个独立的简单句，所以选A不选C；第2题没有并列连词and，both of whom are abroad为非限制性定语从句。另外，请比较下面一题：He has two children, both of _ being abroad.A.them B.which C.whom D.who此题答案为A，其中的both of thembeing abroa
3、d为独立主格结构，用作状语。再看一组类似的例子：1.He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translated into foreign languages.A.it B.them C.which D.that2.He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A.it B.them C.which D.that第1应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语；第2应选C，因为句中有谓语 were t
4、ranslated。比较下面一例：He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A.it B.them C.which D.that此题与上面的第2题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。三、混淆关系代词与关系副词有的同学一看到先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，就认为一定要用关系副词，其实也不一定。在此情况下，还要看关系词在定语从句中是用作什么成分，若是用作状语，则用关系副词，若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则不能用关系副词，而用关系代词
5、。比较：This is the factorywhereI want towork.这就是我想工作的工厂。(work为不及物动词，where在从句中用作状语)This is the factorythatI want tovisit.这就是我想参观的工厂。(visit为及物动词，that用作visit的宾语)The reasonwhyhe cantcomeis that he is ill.他没来的是因为他病了。(come为不及物动词，why在定语从句中用作状语)The reasonthatheput forthis very important.他提出的理由很重要。(put forth为及物
6、动词，that在定语从句中用作其宾语)四、误认为逗号后一定是非限制性定语从句有的同学一看见逗号，就以为一定要选which而不选that，但问题是有时根本就不是定语从句。如：1.If a book is in English, _ means slow progress for you.A.as B.which C.what D.that2.When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating.A.as B.which C.what D.that以上两题均应选that，而不能选which，因为它们根本不是定语从句。之所以选that，是因为句中已有if和
7、when引导的状语从句，逗号后为主句，that为主句主语。五、混淆定语从句与状语从句有些试题，从表面看它是定语从句，而实际上它是状语从句；而有些试题则可能完全相反，即从表面看它是状语从句，而实际上是定语从句。请看下面两道试题：1.I went upstairs _ I heard someone crying.A.where B.when C.that D.which答案是B而不是A，when的意思是“当的时候”，引导的是时间状语从句。(upstairs为副词，不宜用作先行词)2.He is _ a clever boy _ we all like.A.such, that B.such, a
8、sC.so, that D.so, as答案选B，而不是A。such that (如此以致)用于引导结果状语从句，其中的that不充当句子成分，而suchas中的as为关系代词，用以引导定语从句并在定语从句充当句子成分。上句中第二空之所以选as，是因为它用作动词like的宾语。六、弄错定语从句中谓语动词的数原则上说，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与所修饰先行词的单复数保持一致，否则就会出错。如：谁那样说都是在说谎。误：Anyone who say that is lying.正：Anyonewhosaysthat is lying.不算生病的，我们一共20人。误：There are 20 of us, not counting those who is sick.正：There are 20 of us, not countingthosewhoaresick.2
