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1、小学英语基本语法第三讲 形容词、副词知识要点1)英语中大多数形容词、副词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。如：John is a tall boy.两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如：Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)2).形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化规则变化单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er最高级est smallsmallersmalle
2、st等以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可nicenicernicest以辅音字母y结尾的，变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest双写最后一个辅音字母er或est hothotterhottest 一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如： difficult-moredifficult-mostdifficult 不规则变化：good/wellbetterbest,badworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleastfarfurther furthest（表示程度） farfartherfarthest（表示远近
3、） oldolderoldest（表新旧） oldeldereldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼） 3).比较级前的修饰词：a little, a lot, much, even; far; still4)形容词、副词比较级的特殊用法形容词/副词比较级+than+ any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“最”。例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other s
4、tudents in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.“the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“.是两者中较的”。如，Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.“比较级+and
5、+比较级”表示“越来越”。He is getting taller and taller.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越,越,”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make5).最高级常用句型结构“主语+be+ the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students. “主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。如，Beijing is one
6、of the largest cities in China.序数词+最高级 Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. 练习：I.写出所给词的反义词。1.young_ 6.better_2. white_ 7. longer_3. big_ 8. thinner_4. left_ 9. far_5.fast_ 10. light_II. 用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Maria is _(thin). Lucy is _(thin) than Mary.2. Mike is _(heavy) boy in his class.3.
7、 Tom is as_ ( tall) as Jim.4. I am much _( well) than yesterday.5. This skirt is _( expensive) of the three.6. The weather today is _(hot) than it was yesterday.7). Lucy writes _(careful) than her brother.8)Today is _(busy) day this week.9)That is _ (easy ) of all.10). He is _ (clever ) boy in the c
8、lass.11). John is _ ( short ) than Tom.12). This box is _ ( heavy ) than that one.III、根据所给汉语完成句子1. _ _exercise you take, _ _ (你锻炼越多就会越强壮) you will be.2. Who jumped _ (最远) of all in the long jump?3. Lucy says she will write to you back _ _ _ _（尽可能快地）。4. There are _ _ _ (如此多的人) that we cant see each o
9、ther.5._ _ _ (何时何地) shall we meet?Lets meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon.IV、单项选择( )1.Tom is the _ one I want to work with. He is always complaining. Be more patient. He is still a good boy.A. best B. last C. first D. only( )2. We want to go to Japan to have a _ study.A. farther B. fart
10、hest C. further D. furthest( )3. The meeting hall is _ to hold 5000 people.A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large( )4. When spring comes, the trees get _.A. green and green B. green and greenerC. greener and green D. greener and greener( )5. My _ brother is three years _ than I .A.
11、 old; older B. elder ; older C. older; elder D. old; elder( )6. Hes _ to hear the bad news.A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well( )7. The snow is over one meter _ when its winter here.A. long B. high C. thick D. this( )8. This book is _ worth seeing again.A. very B. quite C. well D. much( )9. My sister s
12、at _ to me to listen to the story.A. close B. closely C. nearby D. with( )10. The sports car is running _, It seems to be flying.A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster( )11. You run _ for us to catch up with you.A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly( )
13、12. Dont look _ the window? Were having a class.A. out of B out from C. down of D. out.( )13. This year our school is _ than it was last year.A. much more beautiful B. much beautifulC. the most beautiful D. beautiful( )14. _ the ground is, _ air becomes.A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnestC. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the thinner( )15. John is _ of the two boys.A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller.( )16. Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs?Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are _.
