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1、2020;2020届高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼第16讲 短文改错一致关系的错误 冠词使用的错误连接手段的错误 非谓语动词形式上的错误词语搭配的错误 多词少词的错误行文逻辑上的错误 母语影响的错误(延边F)经典易错题会诊(延边F)命题角度1(延边F)一致关系的错误1. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选 ) There are advantage for students to work76.while studying at school. One of them was that77.they can earn money.(延边F) 考场错解76题There be结构的主语advantage
2、为单数，考生易将are改为is；77题易判为正确。(延边F) 专家把脉 此二题均为考查一致性错误，根据文章意思：advantage应为复数，而下一句中的was与行文的主要时态不一致应该为is。(延边F) 对症下药 76题advantage改为advantages。77题 was改为is。2(延边F) (典型例题精选I looked at the orange drink and deelde I couldnt face them(延边F) 考场错解去掉the导致错解的原因是许多考生认为drink为物质名词，殊不知在此处为特指的orange drink。(延边F) 专家把脉drink为物质名词
3、，应用单数代词it指代，them指代可数名词复数。(延边F) 对症下药 them改为it(延边F)专家会诊短文改错题所涉及的一致性错误主要包括：主谓一致错误，时态一致错误，代词指代错误，名词和单复数错误等。做好这类题目应注意像： witll，without，as well as，togetller with，including等词跟在主语以后的情况；同时还应注意：but，and， each等词出现在主语中的情况；另外，全文所谈论的事，所用的主要时态及具体内容相结合的情况也应全面考虑。(延边F)考场思维训练1 (延边F) Every child has their own dream. Ever
4、y child hope to be an adult. 2 (延边F)I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it is really great to see most of my friends again.3 (延边F)In our country men, woman, boys and girls all look for-ward to spending the Spring Festival.1their改为his；hope改为hopes解析：当主语被each，every修饰时谓语动词
5、用单数第三人称形式，相应的物主代词可用单数形式。2is改为Was解析：根据叙述内容和上下文，应用过去时态。3woman改为women解析：本句中名词表类别属泛指，应用复数形式。(延边F)命题角度2(延边F)冠词使用的错误1. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选) I hope you ve had pleasant journey homeand will e to China again some times in the future. 84. sometime(延边F) 考场错解本句判对(延边F) 专家把脉 冠词的使用是中国学生感觉较难的一点，而journey一词根据汉意应为不可数名词，但本句
6、中意指“一次愉快的旅行”故应加不定冠词。(延边F) 对症下药在pleasant前加a2. (延边F) (典型例题精选)Although we have been members for a short78. period of time, we have made a great progress. That is.79.(延边F) 考场错解we前加but(延边F) 专家把脉 不能把两句之间的关系搞清，以及不把握although，thoughbut等词在英语表达中的意义和用法是错解的根本原因。对于短语make progress中progress为不可数名词的把握是解好本题的关键。(延边F) 对
7、症下药去掉a3. (延边F) (典型例题精选 ). Having fun with their friends make themhappy. 83. makesMany people enjoy sports by watching the others play.84.(延边F) 考场错解 改play为playing(延边F) 专家把脉 本句实际上是考查冠词与代词other(s)用法的问题，others指“另外的人其他的人/物”而the others指“其他所有的人/物”，根据句意应去掉the。(延边F) 对症下药去掉the。(延边F)专家会诊由于汉语中没有冠词，考生对它的用法感到难以掌握
8、，而高考英语短文改错对冠词的考查几乎年年都有。因此牢固掌握其基本用法是做好此类试题的前提。常见的设错类型有：不可数名词泛指时前面多冠词；单数可数名词前少冠词；特指时定冠词与不定冠词的混用或错用；抽象名词具体化后使用冠词的情况；固定搭配中的冠词错误等。(延边F)考场思维训练1 (延边F) Please tell the good news to the rest of family.2 (延边F)Then a small man came up,with gun in the hand.3 (延边F)It is a time when people get together and have a
9、 fun.4 (延边F) Finishing the task is great success for the little boy in such short time.1family前加the解析：此处the family指全体家庭成员。2去掉the解析：with gun in hand为独立结构，名词前不用冠词。3去掉a解析：fun为不可数名词，不用冠词。4great前加a解析：完成这项工作是一次巨大成功，此处SUCcess为抽象名词具体化的用法。(延边F)命题角度3(延边F)连接手段的错误1. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选 I ) Earning their own money al
10、low them80. allowsto spend on anything as if they please. 81. _ _(延边F) 考场错解去掉as(延边F) 专家把脉 as作为关系代词引导定语从句，修饰anything。as if引导方式状语从句，在此不符合题意，而if引导条件状语从句与文意不符。(延边F) 对症下药去掉if2. (延边F) (典型例题精选 )When I was four years old I got ill. I took medicine twice a day. The medicine had so a bitter taste that I took
11、it mixed in 76.orange juice. The problem was that I can still tast the medicine. 77. could(延边F) 考场错解去掉a(延边F) 专家把脉 so作为副词直接修饰形容词是没理解好题，而导致错误的直接原因。在“如此以至于”这个结构中，修饰可数名词单数时so与 such的语序不同：so+形+a/an+名词；such a/an+形+名词。(延边F) 对症下药so改成such3. (延边F) (典型例题精选 ). He told me that I d probally had a heart77. haveatta
12、ck while I started eating less. When you re on a diet you 78.have to stop east too much even though you are always hun gry. 79. eating(延边F) 考场错解改while为if(延边F) 专家把脉 不能正确理解文意是造成错解的原因。从下文的语义看while应表示“除非”之意，而while是“既然、而，当时”之意。(延边F) 对症下药 while改为unless(延边F)专家会诊考查连接手段是高考英语短文改错命题的一个重要方面，连词使用不当直接影响表达的流畅性。因此判
13、断词与词，句与句之间的关系是并列、选择、转折、递进，还是让步，从而选择相应的连词。如果是复合句，首先应判定从句是何种从句，然后根据从句的要求，选择相应的连词。故下列连词的基本词义和用法，应很好地把握：and, or, but, suit. that, so. that, such that, so that,not only., but also, not., but, either., or, neither nor, as well as,as soon as, when, while, as, if,where, when,how 等。(延边F)考场思维训练1 (延边F) We like
14、d the dishes you had cooked but we were happy to learn the English songs you taught us.2 (延边F)So I will stay on a health farm for a month I won t be able to eat much and so I 11 have to stick to my diet.3(延边F) I also enjoyed the evening when we spent together.1but改为and 解析：上文句没有转折之意，只是并列的两件事。2month后加where或when解析：限定性定语从句中，关系词 作状语不可省略。3when改为that或去掉 解析：限定性定语从句中关系词作从句的宾语可以省略。(延边F)命题角度4(延边F)非谓语动词形式上的错误1. (延边F) (典型例题精选 ) We re busy prepare for own trips.84.(延边F) 考场错解prepare前加to或with(延边F) 专家把脉 be busy doing“忙于做某事”为固定用法，其后用其他形式不对。(延
