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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In court, the accused man claimed that he was innocent, saying that he had been（ ）.问题1选项A.betrayedB.deceivedC.framedD.defrauded【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项betray“背叛，出卖，泄露”；B选项deceive“欺诈，欺骗”；C选项frame“诬陷，陷害，拟定”；D选项defraud“骗取，诈取（的钱财）”。由the accused man claimed that he was i
2、nnocent（被告声称他是无辜的）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：在法庭上，被告声称他是无辜的，说他是被陷害的。2. 单选题Just as you do not wish others to（ ）their desires upon you, you must leave it to them to be free to follow their own direction in life.问题1选项A.inflictB.disputeC.ridiculeD.antedate【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项inflict“把强加给，使承受，遭受”；B选项dispute“辩论，争论”；C选
3、项ridicule“嘲笑，奚落”；D选项antedate“预期，预料，居先”。由后面的“you must leave it to them to be free to follow their own direction in life（你必须让他们自由地遵循他们自己的生活方向）”可知A选项与其意思对应。句意：就像你不希望别人把意愿强加在你身上，你必须让他们自由地遵循他们自己的生活方向。3. 单选题Being impatient is（ ）with being a good teacher.问题1选项A.intrinsicB.ingeniousC.incompatibleD.inherent【
4、答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项intrinsic“固有的，内在的，本身的”，强调事物本身的特性，多用于术语；B选项ingenious“精巧的，心灵手巧的”；C选项incompatible“（与某事物）不一致，不相配，（与某人）合不来”；D选项inherent“固有的，内在的”，有继承而来的，传下来的这种内在和固定，多用于一般词语。由impatient（没有耐心的）可知C选项符合语境。句意：没有耐心是不可能成为一名好老师的。4. 单选题Newspapers and magazines carry extensive（ ）of diet and health topics, and die
5、t books are among the best sellers.问题1选项A.sketchB.concernC.coverageD.involvement【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项sketch“素描，速写，草图”；B选项concern“担心，忧虑，关心”；C选项coverage“新闻报道，（书、课程学习、电视等的）信息范围，覆盖范围”；D选项involvement“参与，加入”。由主语Newspapers and magazines（报纸和杂志）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：报纸和杂志对饮食和健康话题进行了广泛的新闻报道，减肥书籍是最畅销书之一。5. 单选题You will
6、see the lightning （ ）it happens, but you hear the thunder later.问题1选项A.the instantB.for an instantC.on the instantD.in an instant【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项the instant“一就”；B选项for an instant“片刻，一瞬间”；C选项on the instant“立即，马上”；D选项“立即，马上”。此处要表达的是“闪电一发生就能看见”，因此选A。句意：闪电一出现你就会看到，但你稍后才会听到雷声。6. 单选题Jack was about to a
7、nnounce our plan but I（ ）.问题1选项A.cut him shortB.gave him upC.turned him outD.put him through【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项cut sb. short“打断某人”；B选项give sb. up“放弃某人”；C选项turn sb. out意为“驱逐某人”；D选项put sb. through“替某人接通”。由句中的but可知前后表示转折关系，结合句意可知选A。句意：杰克正要宣布我们的计划，但我打断了他。7. 单选题Generous public funding of basic science wo
8、uld（ ）considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.问题1选项A.result fromB.settle downC.lie inD.lead to【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项result from“产生于， 由引起”；B选项settle down“定居”；C选项lie in“在于，位于”；D选项lead to“导致，把带到”。根据句子之间的逻辑关系可知选D，表示慷慨的公共资助会给国家带来好处。句意：对基础科学慷慨的公共资助将为国家的健康、财富和安全带来可观的好处。8. 翻译题Read th
9、e following paragraph carefully and then translate it into Chinese.When the objects of an inquiry, in any department, have principles, causes, or elements, it is through acquaintance with these that knowledge and understanding is attained. For we do not think that we know a thing until we are acquai
10、nted with its primary causes or first principles, and have carried our analysis as far as its elements. Plainly, therefore, in the science of nature too our first task will be to try to determine what relates to its principles. The natural way of doing this is to start from the things which are more
11、 knowable and clear to us and proceed towards those which are clearer and more knowable by nature, for the same things are not knowable relatively to us and knowable without qualification. So we must follow this method and advance from what is more obscure by nature, but clearer to us, towards what
12、is clearer and more knowable by nature. Now what is to us plain and clear at first is rather confused masses, the elements and principles of which become known to us later by analysis.【答案】在任何领域，当研究对象有其存在的原理、因素或元素时，只有通过了解这些事物，才能获得知识和理解。因为只有当我们知道某事物的主要成因或基本原理，并对其组成元素进行进一步分析时，我们才可以称我们了解该事物。因此，很明显，在自然科学
13、中，我们的首要任务将是设法确定各原理之间的联系。这样做的自然方式是从对我们来说更清晰易知的事物开始，然后延伸至本质上更加清晰易知的事物，因为对我们来说，同样事物的可知性并不是相当的，并且也不是没有限制的。因此，我们必须遵循这一方法，从本质上模糊但对自己来说更加清楚的事物，发展到本质上既清晰又易知的事物中去。现在对我们来说，最简单明了的事物对大众来说是十分疑惑，其要素和原理可以通过后期的分析而为人们所了解。9. 翻译题Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into Chinese.A fulfilling mar
14、riage begins when two people make time together their No. 1 priority. If we hope to find love, we must first find time for loving. Unfortunately, current psychology rests on the model of the independent ego. To make a lasting marriage we have to overcome self-centeredness. We must go beyond what psy
15、chologist Abraham Maslow called “self-actualization” to “us-actualization”. We have to learn to put time where love is. The lasting marriage is never sure of the separate “selves” that make it up. But it has complete confidence that the relationship will grow in a never-ending process of learning. There is a powerful healing energy that emanates from loving. Lasting love can learn to sense it, send it and make it grow. We are ene
