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1、2022年考博英语-四川大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Hurricanes form over the tropical oceanic regions where the Sun heats huge masses of moist air. An ascending spiral motion results, in the same manner as described in tornado formation. When the moisture of the rising air condenses, the latent heat provides addit
2、ional energy and more air rises up the column. This latent heat is a chief source of the hurricanes energy and is readily available from the condensation of the moist air of its source region.Unlike the tornado, a hurricane gains energy from its source region. 1As more and more air rises, the hurric
3、ane grows, accompanied by clouds and increasing winds that blow in a large spiral around a relatively calm, low-pressure center_the eye of the hurricane. The eye may be 20 to 30 miles wide, and ships sailing into this area have found that it is usually calm and clear with no indication of the surrou
4、nding storm. The air pressure is reduced 6-8% (to about 28 in. of Hg) near the eye. Hurricanes move rather slowly at a few miles per hour.2Covering broad areas, hurricanes can be particularly destructive. There we winds of at least 74 mi/h; but these can be much greater, up to 120-130 mi/h, which ar
5、e very dangerous. Mobile homes are particularly vulnerable to hurricane winds. The greatest threat from a hurricanes winds comes from their cargo of debrisa deadly barrage of flying missiles such as lawn furniture, signs, roofing, and metal siding.Hurricane winds do much damage, but drowning is the
6、greatest cause of hurricane deaths. 3As the eye of the hurricane comes ashore or makes landfall, a great dome of water called a storm surge, often over 50 mi wide, comes sweeping across the coastline. It brings huge waves and storm tides that may reach 25 ft or more above normal. The rise may come r
7、apidly, flooding coastal lowlands. Nine out of ten hurricane casualties are caused by the storm surge. The torrential rains that accompany the hurricane produce sudden flooding as the storm moves inland. As its winds diminish, rainfall floods constitute the hurricanes greatest threat.Once cut off fr
8、om the warm ocean, the storm begins to die, starved for water and heat energy, and cragged apart by friction as it moves over the land. Even though a hurricane weakens rapidly as it moves inland, the remnants of the storm can bring 6-12 in. of rain or more to the areas they cross. 4For example, Hurr
9、icane Diane of1955 caused little damage as it moved into the Gulf coastal area; but long after its winds subsided, it brought floods to Pennsylvania, New York, and New England that killed 200 persons and cost an estimated $700 million in damage. In 1972, Hurricane Agnes fused with another storm syst
10、em, flooding creek and river basins in the Northeast with more than a foot of rain in less than 12 hours, killing 117 people, and causing almost $3 billion damage.1.The subject in this passage is ( ) .2.In Paragraph 1, the word latent means( )3.If the author were delivering this passage orally, his
11、or her tone of voice would probably be ( ) .4.What does the sentence in Paragraph 4 “Nine out of ten.” do in relation to the sentence Hurricane winds do.?5.Which of these statements would the author support?问题1选项A.tornadoesB.hurricanesC.windsD.hurricane winds问题2选项A.potentialB.lowC.highD.extreme问题3选项
12、A.objectiveB. celebratoryC.righteousD.awestruck问题4选项A.It contradicts what is said in the latter.B.It summarizes what is said in the latter.C.It acts as a specific example of what is stated in the latter.D.It alters the meaning of what is stated in the latter.问题5选项A.Hurricanes are merely big storms l
13、ike tornadoes.B.Hurricane winds arent much of a problem unless you live on the coast.C.Hurricanes are more of a problem for airplanes than for boats.D.Hurricanes are destructive and dangerous across large areas.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.根据原文内容, 本文主要讲的是飓风。选项B和D都是飓风, 但是hurricane winds强调的是wind
14、s, 所以选项B正确。2.根据第一段的最后一句“This latent heat is a chief source of the hurricanes energy and is readily available from the condensation of the moist air of its source region.”这种 热能是飓风能量的主要来源, 很容易从其来源地区潮湿空气的冷凝中获得。所以选项A潜在的符合原文。3.作者如果用口头表达这篇文章的话, 他的语气可能是 . objective客观的；celebratory有褒扬意味；righteous正义的；awestruc
15、k被吓住而毕恭毕敬。4.根据第四段内容“Nine out of ten.”十分之九的飓风伤亡是由风暴潮造成的。这与第四段的首句Hurricane winds do.飓风造成的破坏很大, 但溺水是造成飓风死亡的最大原因。前后矛盾。所以选项A正确。5.根据第三段的第一句“Covering broad areas, hurricanes can be particularly destructive.”选项D飓风在大面积的开阔地带威力最大, 符合原文。2. 单选题Even when textbooks are （ ） through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.问题1选项A.commonplaceB.standardizedC.competitiveD.generalized【答案】B【解析】commonplace陈腐的, 平凡的;standardized标准化的;competitive有竞争力的, 竞争的;generalized广泛的, 普遍的。句意：即使是通过学校的系统把教科书规范化, 教学的方法也会有很大的不同。3. 单选题I must take
