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1、2022年考博英语-西北大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The Americans lost the nuclear weapon monopoly when the Soviets exploded their first atomic bomb.问题1选项A.controlB.businessC.superiorityD.privilege【答案】A【解析】句意：苏联第一颗原子弹爆炸后，美国失去了核武器的垄断地位。monopoly意为“垄断，专卖”，也就是具有控制权。所以control与之意思相近。2. 单选题Nowadays very few people are
2、 willing to be nurses, so I think its extremely important for us to improve the （ ）of the nursing profession.问题1选项A.inquiryB.statusC.financeD.dilemma【答案】B【解析】inquiry探究，调查，质询; status地位，状态， 情形，重要身份；finance 财政，金融；dilemma 困境，进退两难。句意：现在很少有人愿意做护士，所以我认为提高护理专业的身份地位对我们来说是非常重要的。选项B更符合语境。3. 单选题I suggested he s
3、hould （ ）himself to his new conditions.问题1选项A.adaptB.adoptC.regulateD.suit【答案】A【解析】adapt使适应，改编； adopt采取，接受；regulate调节，规定；suit合适，相称。根据句意可知，这里应该是使自己适应新环境，所以选项A正确。4. 单选题The hotel was a four-storey building away from the university where most competitors were accommodated.问题1选项A.put upB.put downC.put in
4、D.put over【答案】A【解析】accommodated在这里指容纳，安置。put up提供，建造，举起；put down 放下，镇压；put in 提交，放入；put over 推迟，驶过。选项A放在句中最为恰当，符合语境。5. 单选题Humans are forever forgetting that they cant control nature. Exactly 20 years ago, a Time magazine cover story announced that “scientists are on the verge of being able to predic
5、t the time, place and even the size of earthquakes”. The people of quake-ruined Kobe (神户) learned last week how wrong that assertion was.None of the methods praised two decades ago have succeeded. Even now, scientists have yet to discover a uniform warning signal that precedes all quakes, let alone
6、any sign that would tell whether the coming quake is mild or a killer. Earthquake formation can be triggered by many factors, says Hiroo Kanamori, a seismologist at the California Institute of Technology. So finding one all-purpose warning sigh is impossible. One reason: quakes start deep in the ear
7、th, so scientists cant study them directly.If a quake precursor were found, it would still be impossible to warn humans in advance of all dangerous quakes. Places like Japan and California are filled with hundreds, if not thousands, of minor faults. It is impossible to place monitoring instruments o
8、n all of them. And these inconspicuous sites can be just as deadly as their better-known cousins like the San Andreas (圣安得列斯断层).Both the Kobe and the 1994 Northridge quakes occurred on small faults.Prediction would be less important if scientists could easily build structures to withstand tremors. W
9、hile seismic engineering has improved dramatically in the past 10 to 15 years, every new quake reveals unexpected weaknesses in “quake-resistant” structures, says Terry Tullis, a geophysicist at Brown University. In Kobe, for example, a highway that opened only last year was damaged.In the Northridg
10、e earthquake, on the other hand, well-built structures generally did not collapse. But engineers have since found hidden problems in 120 steel-frame buildings that survived. Such structures are supposed to sway with the earth rather than crumple. They may have swayed but the quake also unexpectedly
11、weakened the joints in their steel skeletons. If the shaking had been longer or stronger, the buildings might have collapsed.A recent report in Science adds yet more anxiety about life on the fault lines. Researchers can computer simulations to see how quake-resistant buildings would fare in a moder
12、ate-size tremor, taking into account that much of a quakes energy travels in a large “pulse” of focused shaking. The results: both steel-frame buildings and buildings that sit on insulating rubber pads suffered severe damage.More research will help experts design stronger structures and possibly fin
13、d quake precursors. But it is still a certainty that the next earth will prove once again that every fault cannot be monitored and every highway cannot be completely quake-proofed.1.Which of the following statements is true about Kobe?2.The authors focus in Para. 3 is on （ ）.3.Its impossible to avoi
14、d damages in earthquakes because（ ）.4.It is implied in the passage that（ ）.5.The best title for this passage could be（ ）.问题1选项A.Last weeks quake occurred on small faults.B.People there believe in scientists ability to predict earthquakes.C.Buildings there swayed with the quake rather than crumpledD.
15、It can be expected that every fault can be monitored as a result of more research.问题2选项A.the need for more researchB.the impossibility to predict earthquakesC.the designing of stronger structures and the finding of quake precursorsD.the impossibility of building completely quake-proofed structures问题3选项A.scientists cant study quakes that occur deep in the earth directlyB.its hard to build perfect “quake-resistant” structuresC.instruments cannot be placed on all of the minor faultsD.all of the abo
