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1、动词的时态与语态I. 一般现在时常应用的情况1. 表示经常发生的动作,存在的状态或现阶段的习惯1) 他总是乐于助人. He is always ready to help others.2) 学生们每天下午5:00进行体育锻炼. The students have sports at five every afternoon.2.表示不受时间限制的事实或者普遍真理1) 3+2=5 Three plus two is five.2) 光比声速度快. Light travels faster than sound.3. 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中常用现在时代替将来时1) 如果下雨,我就呆在家里
2、. I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.2) 当他们来了以后,他们将告诉你一些重要的事情.When they come , they will tell you something important.4. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中,尽管主句用过去时,但如果宾语从句部分是不以时间为转移的客观真理,从句谓语动词还要用现在时.1) My father told me that the earth runs around the sun.5)表示计划好的,安排好的,必定会发生的动作和状态The ship leaves at 9 oclock .6) 图片
3、说明,电影说明,解说戏剧内容及场景,动词常用一般现在时.The film is about a thief who becomes a gentleman later.7) here , there 开头的句子,动词用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作There goes the bell. Lets hurry up.Here comes the teacher.II. 一般过去时:表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用There used to be a temple here.III. 一般将来时:表示在过去的时间里表示动作或发生的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用Wh
4、ere shall we meet tomorrow ?*Its going to rain.*用进行时表示将要进行的动作He is leaving for London. (leave , come for start, begin )*The children are to learn English next week.(表示按计划,安排要发生的动作,还可以表示命令,禁止,可能性的含义)III.现在进行时表示动作正在进行或在一段时间内正在进行与always连用,可以表达厌恶或喜爱等感情色彩The children are watching TV.He is always helping
5、others.You are always saying so.He is coming to see you. (用进行时表将来)IV.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作He was watching TV when I came in.What were you doing this time yesterday?V.将来进行时:表示将来某一段时间或将来某一时刻内正在进行的动作Well be flying over Beijing this time tomorrow.I will be having a meeting at 8 oclockTomorrow.VI.
6、 现在完成时:表示在过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态或过去行为对现在造的影响或结果How long have you been here ?I have been her for an hour.It hasnt rained for a long time and it is very dry.VII. 过去完成时表示过去某一时刻之前已完成的行为,有时某些词用于过去完成时表示未曾实现的希望,打算When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for an hour.I had hoped to pass the exam but I fai
7、led.I had thought to buy a computer but I didnt.VIII.将来完成时表示将来某一时刻/时间将完成的行为.By the end of this month, well have learnt 5000 words.We will have finished the work before 5:00 tomorrow.IX. 现在完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在还在进行Tom has been working hard since the new term began.Where have you been living these years ?You look tired.Yes, I have been cleaning the room all the morning.
