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1、高考阅读对的选项和干扰项的特点第一节 对的选项的设立特点一般来说，阅读理解测试中规定找出重要事实或特定细节的问题, 在文章中均可找到回答。但是,需要注意的是, 这些问题的表述常常不是采用文章中的原话, 而是根据原文的词或句进行语意转换。一、运用原文词句的同义词句或相似构造，转换体现形式。【考例1】hrilk has great otential, the invenorssid. Mtrias fr wchit i ade are plenifui natur,foun in eeythigangin from hrim sells, ect odes to lvgplants. hat ma
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4、 recgnizing facialexprssins二、运用原文词句的反义词或相反构造,转换体现形式。【考例3】Yet despite h, readin isncresingly uopular an children.Accordig sttsticin 197 23%idthey didnt like readingin ll.In， 5% id. And aun 6% o childeneve primay schol each yer unable to ea proprl.(山东)Saisicsuggestedtat_. theur o top studns inceae wih
5、 e ue of coputesB. dreasig nmbr chidrn howd teret inreadinC. ainoity of macy shol hidre ead properlyD. ahuge percentgeof chlden rea reularly【考例4】When I pt n m flshlighs，I assayin t ter dres, “Ihavaremere. a weanddg t bestI ca.” An everyne understoo. inteado eting impent adangry， tewaite，oingte drvr
6、in ro of temwasin someayeak. (广东卷A)at didthe other dier d wen tey sa theflaih?A ey speeupto pss. B. Ty wadwit atince. Thetried thei bestto hep. D. hepu o theiflaslights too.三、通过词性变化,转换体现的形式【考例5】 ac ockin, te had o hidTrust Fun,sid:“It psible haoe goo thing to arise frme ownu wb agnratio thtfinacally
7、wisr and eerequippd tomaagehir monethrouh tes of miunceainty” (山东)Acording toHoking,te global ecnoic criss might makthe youngters.A.is n mone maaement . hv acess o btter equimentC confdentaoutteirfuture ares D.ge job in Child Trut Funds四、使用原文的词句的上下义构造,转换体现形式。【考例6】Uierityappictons rose7 lastr, but th
8、ere ere rss aoveverag severa subeNun saw a 15% jum, witheples reneedinteestin aree iepubic sct(部门), which aresen as moe scun economc criss. （山东D)Carers nthe pubic seco re more aact becaf thir_.rtr staility B. iher pay C fwr appcatins D.et reputaion二阅读理解干扰项的设立特点通过度析干扰项的设立特点可觉得我们提供思考的方向。常用的干扰手段有哪些。干扰项
9、的如下特点:(一) 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型构造和大部分相似的词汇,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几种词汇,导致句意的变化。【考例1】(湖南卷A篇) Whenfirstentered,VaReaurat do no look lkemuch f rstaurant， but once the plasant smell o kbob(烤肉串）it th ses， ou re incaablefcalling taytngless. wne bylocluple，tisPersan sturat has an inviig,homelikatmospee tat Many restara
10、ts ak. he sace is sa ih ony a ew dinig tables n early nodecation， bt vironmen i truly charing. When firt ntri the restaat, oe canfind that.A spendidly decratd .has paatsmes kbC iscwdedwih dini tles D. loslike a cmmo resaurant【考例】(湖南卷篇)A common sht ithatof od ersianen ittng in he corner alingoul out
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12、(二) 在推理判断中运用词的表面意义来设立干扰推理判断规定在理解原文表面信息的基本上，做出一定的判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义，要注意不能以文字的表面含义替代推理。【考例1】(湖南卷B) Butse hasntlwas practiced hat sheaches. In r book, she descibestawfu day,alms 40ar ago, whn sh reed o pice lifechangn news. Fist, she ad lost tebaby shewascarri, and second, tests sowedh sh hd diabetes In a chldik
