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1、1、功能：相称于形容词,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词 二： 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。先行词是物: which h 先行词是人：who h tat 在从句中充当的成分: 主语、宾语 （1)先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。()看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 e.g. 把下列每对句子合并成具有定语从句的主从复合句1.The ha adi. Io send ot mesae h hada ai whichtat old sndout sae. (主语)2. Te girl i m est fid. She soe s o _3. e
2、alway buys sme ooks. He eer rad them. _注意点：1.)定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的背面：eg. . Th mn who lies next o sell gtbls. Thema ells vegetle whlie net dor ( ) 5. he cr whichy une us bught wa estoyed in the erthquake. e cawas destroe in te arthquke wic my unle us bout ( ）2）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略：.g. 6. Theyn m ( whom) you sw
3、 w u manaer. 7. es somethn ( ht)e st keep i mid.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. em wotd me t news efsd to giemthe nme.2. Te arlne aa boet whichwi tl you ost o the importnt tings aouta tri o Europ3. He found a dolarbil thathe forgtten in a suit4His heman who w alpc5 Ths soeody whwntso see u.6. The houe
4、I wold ike t buyi nt fo sale.7.The byey unclgave me wa erexpsive. ws的用法：关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时,它既可以修饰指人的先行词,也可以修饰指物的先行词。e. 1. he irl is m dagtr. Her ok g tfirst pri.The irl hoseworkgot the irprie i daghter. 2 Te ook is note. Thecerf is red The book whosecover isred s not mn ( The bk h cvrof wihsred i
5、 ot ie）3D ukw anyne? His famly is i Xan. _ 4. live n theroom. The ndws of itaesouh. _ 5 Th chair has bee repaire. h lgof itwas broken _限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。.g.Iwthonlypesonin ur office wo ws invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能hat用
6、引导。 e.g. Tomsfater， who irsixty,ilwors hd dayand night.(ho引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可提成两句来翻译）ta与which的区别1)用tat而不用 whch的状况 先行词为不定代词l,anhing,noting,，little,，muc somthi somone;先行词有最高档修饰,有序数词修饰;先行词有teonly， teve， ay,the sa ,he lst等词修饰； 先行词既有人又有物时。5.避免反复 Wh is the person hat s sanig ther?eg. Th s nothing that can pr
7、vn him from dogit 没有什么能制止她不干那件事。The fit plce thatthey visitd inGilin as lephant TrunHll.在桂林她们所参观的第一种地方是象鼻山。_ 这部电影是我看过的最佳的一部。_ 史密斯先生是她结识的唯一的外国人。）用wih而不用 that的状况:引导非限制性定语从句；指代前面整个主句的意思;介词 + 关系代词。e.g.e had fied in th mats exam，which ad hs fth erary. hs isthe room nwhich my fathe lived t ear. 找出句中的从句并圈出
8、先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1. What is headdres oftfactoywhse avertiement we nied the other a.2. Iw soe treehose lewre blakih disease.3. t was eetin o mortace I didnt ealze thime.4. Th rat Wl was thefrtplc thatwt o vsihle y wein Chin.5. Miss mit，whoyou et aour hos,s gongto arryMr.ary6. He fald inthe xam, wic ma
9、de h casmts urprised.关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用wch或whoe.g. . The mans amous rnner. outaed t hm ustnw.Theman t whom ou talk ust nowis a aouruner. Thechai is aeof wd i sittinit o Th chair n which heis sittngnow is madeof od.3.He is a brary sistnt. borwed someosfom him._4 It is a amous schoo
10、l. H aduatedro it 3 years a._介词的拟定应根据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配,Whoishegirlwthwhom yo jst h hands?(shehadswh是习惯性搭配)介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配）, bult aelcopehroug whih he ould su tee.(throug hich 即though etelsope)有某些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开, (lo ft tkcar of look for)eg. 5. H s thstunt. Te tehs are lokng or him His te stnh te eahers are lookig for. 6. The nro hehidr is 30.hetkescare th chilen. The numbr fthe chldn who he take cre o i 30.找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分1.This tehousabu whichw wrte toyou.2. Don, wi who went tote cncer
