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1、名词专项练习和讲解一可数名词（1）规则变化:一般在单数名词词尾加-s。如：map maps, boy boys, horse horses, table tables.以s, x, ch，sh结尾的词加-es.如：classclasses, boxboxes, watchwatches, dishdishes.以o结尾的名词, 有生命的加-es, 如：tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes, heroheroes;无生命的加-s如：photophotos, pianopianos.【快速记忆：词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato,
2、 potato。(英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿)。】以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：familyfamilies, citycities；以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.以-f或-fe结尾的名词，单数变为复数时，大多将-f或-fe变为-ves, 常见的有：“小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)放在架子(shelf)上，劈成了两半(half), 结束了它的生命(life)。”以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s的有：海湾(gulf gul
3、fs)农奴(serf serfs)信(belief beliefs)酋长(chief chiefs)，悬崖(cliff cliffs)证据(proof proofs)上顶房)即房顶、屋顶 roof roofs)（2）不规则变化变元音字母：man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; mouse-mice单复数同行：fish; deer; sheep特殊：child-children this-these(这些) that - those(那些)国人：Chinese Japanese；Englishman- Englishm
4、en ;Frenchman-Frenchmen; German-Germans变中心词：lookers-on(旁观者 )；brothers-in-law (n. 姐/妹夫) passers-by(过路人，行人) 没有中心词的在词尾加s。如：go-betweens(媒人)； grown-ups(成人) ；以man或 woman+n.构成的复合词,两个名词都变复数.如: men drivers; women doctors 二.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。量化单位通常有pair, piece, cup, bottle, glass, box, bag等等。如：a b
5、ag of ricetwo bags of rice, a piece of paperthree pieces of paper, a bottle of milkfive bottles of milk. 三.在汉语中属于可数范畴，但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词advice:忠告 bread :面包 chocolate:巧克力 equipment:设备damage:损坏 food:食物 information:消息 furniture:家具knowledge:知识 homework :作业 housework:家务 water:水paper:纸 progress:进步 rice:米 pop
6、ulation:人口 milk:牛奶四.有些名词虽然形式上是单数，但只看成复数mankind 人类 people 人民 police 警察五.多数集合名词，即可看作单数（作为一个整体），做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。也可看作复数（表示集体中的各个成员），做主语时，谓语动词用复数。army 军队 family 家 group 小组eg: 1.Her family was well known in the region. 她家在该地区是名门望族。2. His family all work in the city. 他的家人都在这个城市上班。3. The family is not large.
7、这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）4. The family are all music lovers. 这家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭成员）六.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量的名词可以与数词一起组成定语的复合结构，中间用连字符号连接，并且名词只能用单数形式。a three-year study 一项为期三年的研究a ten-dollar bill 一张十美元的钞票七. 名词所有格 名词所有格表示所属关系, (相当于汉语“的”),在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如：Childrens Day(儿童节), my sisters book(我姐姐
8、的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加“ ”即可。如：Teachers Day; his parents room(3)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现其它所修饰的词如：the barbers 理发店 the doctors （候诊室）(4)如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 s，则表示“分别有”；只有一个 s，则表示“共有”。如： Johns and Marys room（两间）John and Marys room（一间）(5)复合名词或短语，s 加在最后一个词的词尾。如：a month or twos vacation(6双重所有格：of +名词性物主代
9、词 of+名词s 如：a friend of mine (我的一位朋友) , a friend of my fathers (我父亲的一位朋友) (7)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所属关系。如：a good daughter of the Party(党的好女儿); the title of the song(歌名);the cover of the book(书的封面)。(8)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加s. 如：todays newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes walk(十分钟的路程), C
10、hinas population(中国的人口).一可数名词的复数规则变化1. map_ girl_ pen_ bag_car_2. bus_brush_watch_box_3. baby_ city_ country_4. hero_ potato_zoo_tomato_photo_5. knife_leaf_wolf_wife_ life_6. child_foot_ tooth_ mouse_ man_ 7. German_Englishman_ Chinese_8. deer_ sheep_ yuan_中等题1. There are two_ over there. (watch)2.
11、I like taking _. (photo)3. l can see a _and two _ standing there. (man, woman)4. There are two baskets of_ on the floor. (apple)5. Look at those_. (child)6. He doesnt like these_. (glass)7. How many _can you see? (radio)8. There are more and more _ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)9. Give me some _,
12、please. (water)含性别的复合名词1. There are twenty _ in our hospital.A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor2. _ are usually careful in doing exercises.A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls students D.Girls students可数名词复数不规则变化1.-What are these?-They are _.A. deers B. radios C
13、. RadioesD.tomatos2.How many _ are there in these _?A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoesD.potatos,photoes3. Mr. Chen has two _.A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes4.Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 5.Then the _ began to eat the green _ of young trees.A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs国人复数变化专项1.I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Japanese B. American
