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1、介词和介词短语（知识梳理）真题再现：1. They believe that there are transport developments that will bring a lot of changes for the better.A. out of dateB. out of order C. around the clockD. around the corner2. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperatur e 0.68 C the average.A. belowB. onC. atD. a
2、bove3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes anim als both on land and sea?A. aboutB. toC. withD. over4. Most people work because its unavoidable., there aresome people who actually enjoy work.A. As a resultB. In additionC. By contrastD. In conclusion5. These comments camespecific question
3、s often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory ofB. in response toC. in touchwithD. in possession of6. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.A. thanks toB. regardless ofC. aside fromD. but for7. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you that
4、if you smoked here you would be fined.A. in advanceB. in detailC. in totalD. in generalay for us to survive is to live A. in view of B. in need ofD. in harmony with9. The little pupil took his grandma her across the street.A. onB. by8. Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only
5、w nature.C. in touch withthe arm and walkedC. inD.at110. A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.A. ofB. onC. toD. with答案与解析：1. 解析：D。此题考查的是介词短语，A选项过时的，B选项无秩序，C 选项夜以继日地，D选项即将到来。根据语意，应选：D2. 解析：D。此题考查的知识点是介词。on record有记载的，below the average 平均水平以下，above the average 平均水平以上，o
6、n the avera ge平均来说。故D正确。3. 解析：B。句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？ h ome to sth.固定搭配， 是什么的家园的意思。该句是一个疑问句，其 中还含有一个定语从句。4. 解析：C。句意：很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一 些人是的确喜欢工作的。根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。A 意为 结果，B意为 此外，C意为 相反，D意为 结论。不可避免表述到一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。后句 的表达是 事实上有些人喜欢工作， 喜欢和 不得不刚好构成一 种否定，所以答案只能是选C。5. 解析：B。句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地
7、记者问到的问题的 回应。in memory of 意为 纪念，in response to 意为 回应，in touc h with意为 联系，in possession of意为 拥有。分析句子成分知道 空格处充当介词短语作状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题 的回应。6. 解析：D。此题考察虚拟语气but for的用法，句意为：如果没有T homas，对我们有益处的很多东西就不会来到我们身边。7. 解析：A。考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个会议室是非吸烟区。我 要提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你会被罚款的。8. 解析：Do in view of 在眼里；in need of 需要；in
8、 touch with和 接触；in harmony with与 和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接 名词，该句意思为：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯 一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。根据句意，应选Do9. 解析：B。句意：这个小学生拉住他奶奶的膀子和她一起穿过街道。 take sb. by the arm拉住某人的膀子，所以选B。10. 解析：Ao of关于，表示从属关系；on在之上；to对于；with和在一起。该句意思为：他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。应 选A。难点是介词放在定语从句部分考查。语法讲解：介词主要考查近义词的用法区别、介词的特定含义、介词和连词易 混淆的项目、
9、介词的固定用法等。在历年全国各地高考试题中，都涉及到 介词的考查，不仅在单项填空中进行考查，在短文改错题中，对于介词的 有无、介词与其他词的固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。介词是英语中比较活跃的词，中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。它 与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富。搭配比 较活跃的介词主要有 in，out，up，down，on，off，to，from，for，over， with等。介词的考查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。介词的定义及分类介词又叫前置词，属于虚词，后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词 或代词的词、短语、句子作宾语。介词本身数量不大，但它与动词、形容 词和名词等实
10、词的搭配力极强。介词可按其构成分为：简单介词，即一个介词，如about， at，in，of， since 等。复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of等。二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如fro m under， from behind， until after， except in 等。短语介词，由短语构成，如 according to，because of，in spite of， on behalf of，with reference to 等。分词介词，由 现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including等。动
11、词+介词短语举例：look after sb/sth 照顾，看管look at sb/sth注视，着眼于look for sb/sth寻找；期待，期望look forward to sth/doing sth 盼望，期待look into sth窥视；调查；浏览look like sb/sth 看起来像look叩sth查阅形容词+介词短语举例：be afraid of sth.害怕某事be curious about对什么好奇be different from 与什么不同be interested in sth. /sb.对某人或某物很感兴趣be proud of骄傲，自豪be similar
12、 to 与相似be strict with对严格要求名词+介词短语举例：attitude to/towards 态度，看法belief in sth./sb.相信某人或某事congratulation on sth 对(表示)祝贺interest(n.)in sth 对的兴趣respect(n.)for sb/sth.对的尊敬satisfaction with sb/sth 对满意介词+名词短语举例：at hand在手边，在附近by accident 偶然beyond doubt毫无疑问in addition 另夕卜for the moment 现在，暂时from time to time 有
13、时，不时with the purpose of 为了常见介词用法againstNobody has got anything against you at all.反对He saw a girl sitting alone on a bench against the wall. 靠着We have saved some money against old age.防备The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods.在映衬下atThey left their luggage at the station.at 后接
14、地点At noon there was still no news. at 后接时间What are you laughing at? at 后接原因I was surprised at his words.at强调引起某种情感的原因I came here at her invitation/request. at 表示 应要求、请求等 When I arrived, they were at their meal. at 固定搭配，吃饭I am rather slow at drawing. at 强调在某方面I won t buy it at that price. at 后接价格beyo
15、ndHe saw a house beyond the woods. 在那边It was quite beyond me.超出能力、范围等byHe left by the nearest exit.通过We traveled by sea/plane to save time.表示手段、方式，无冠词By next Friday I will have finished the job.到为止He taught himself English by practicing all day long.by doing 表示 手段、方式He took her by the hand. by the 身体部位I did that by accident/mistake/nature.固定搭配Sugar is sold by the pound/weight. by the 具体单位/重量、面积等He is olde
