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1、2011年全国中学生英语能力竞赛赛前培训培训内容：主从复合句之定语从句培训时间：2011年11月7日主讲教师：英语组 姜玉敏主从复合句之定语从句一、句子的种类：简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句：由一套主语和谓语构成；并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列构成，常用and ,but, so 等并列连词连接。复合句：是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，往往可以独立存在；而从句仅是句子的一个成分，故不能独立存在，必须有一 个关联词引导。二：主从复合句的分类和比较 名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）副词从句（状语从句） 形容词从句（定语从句）三、引导从句的关联词共有
2、七类：1） 从属连词 ：有 whether ,when, although, because, if 等。I dont know if he will come.2) 疑问代词 ： who ,whom, whose, which ,what 等。I dont know what you mean .3) 疑问副词 ：when ,where ,how ,why等。I asked him where he was going to stay. 4）关系代词：who, whom , whose, which, that what 等，主要引导定语从句。The young man who is sta
3、nding there is my English teacher.5) 关系副词：when, where, why.也可以引导定语从句。That was the time when we stayed together.6) 复合连接代词：what ,whatever, whoever, whichever 等。You can do whatever you like.7) 复合连接副词：wherever, whenever, however 等。You can come whenever it is possible.四、定语从句讲解（一）、.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. It i
4、s a kind of household appliances that can keep food fresh.2. Its a kind of red flowers, which can represent love.1 关系代词：主格宾格所有格指代人Who that Whom who that Whose 指代物Which that Which that Whose / of which 注：1. 关系代词为宾语时可以省略。 2. 关系代词紧跟在介词后，只能使用whom或which。2关系副词：在从句中充当状语When（时间）:in which, on which 等 where（地
5、点）: in which , on which等 why（原因）: for which （方式） 介词+which/ whom引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词如下：主格宾格所有格指代人whoWhom who whose指代物Which Which Whose of which 4. 非限制性定语从句可以指代整个主句, 连接词只可用which或as（二）、that的特殊用法1先行词前有形容词最高级，序数词（last）或表示强调的词(only/ very/ just/ right)2先行词为不定代词 （all、 much、little、 few、none、some、 something、anythi
6、ng、 everything、nothing） 3先行词被every、each、all、any、little 、few、no、some等修饰时 4先行词为人和物的词组 5引导词在从句中做表语。 6句中有which、 who、 注：当先行词是代词he、they或不定代词anyone、those等时,关系代词用who.（三）、关系副词的用法 （四）、介词+关系代词结构:1) 名词+ of which/ whom =whose+名词 表示一种所属关系（在名称前通常有定冠词修饰）2) 数词+ of which/ whom（数词还可以被some , many, most , each等不定代词替换）表示
7、一种部分与整体的关系。 3) 非限定从中 介词+which（指物） 介词+whom （指人）4) which，whose还可修饰一个名词，作这个名词的定语。（五）、几个特殊先行词后的定语从句（situation, occasion, point）We may be trapped in such a situation where we have no one to turn to.（六）、as和which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别：Many people, as you know, are learning foreign languages.The weather turned out
8、fine, as we had expected.Mary didnt pass the driving test, Which made her very sad.as非定中,谓动通常是表感觉和心理活动的词：see, hear, know, expect,guess, hope, remember（七）、几组相似结构： the same +先行词+as 和the same+先行词+ that的区别such+先行词+as 和such that 的区别：（八）、定语从句与强调结构的区别 定语从句与状语从句的区别 定从与同位语从句的区别（九）、特殊定语从句及其与其他句式的对比五、定语从句阅读材料（
9、一）、.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. It is a kind of household appliances that can keep food fresh.2. Its a kind of red flowers, which can represent love.(二)、that的特殊用法I will tell you something that happened one night. I felt lonely at home, so the only thing that I could do was to see a film, which is very meanin
10、gful. Although this is not the first English film that I have ever seen, this is the most moving film that has been shown in the cinema. The things and persons that I saw in the film will be unforgettable. I can remember almost every scene that appeared in the film. After seeing the film, I have lea
11、rned a lot. I feel that I am not the person that I used to be. The film is very famous, which is known to us. Do you want to know the name of the film about which I told you just now? Which is the film that you like most (三)、关系副词的用法1. Ill never forget the days (that/which) I spent with my teacher.2.
12、 Ill never forget the days when (on which) I joined the army.3. This is the reason which he gave me for doing it.4. Do you know the reason why he came late?5. You can see the way in which his mind works when he reads his books.6. Is there any way that can be found to solve the problem?7. It is the h
13、ouse that was built two years ago.8. It is the house where I was born.(四)、介词+关系代词结构1) The house , the gate of which faces south, belongs to the Smith.= The house , whose gate faces south, belongs to the Smith.Mr Smith, the house of whom was robbed, reported it to the police.= Mr Smith, whose house w
14、as robbed, reported it to the police.2) The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.= The buses, of which most were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.I met some foreigners yesterday, two of whom are from the US.= I met some foreigners yesterday, of who
15、m two are from the US.3) Mr.Green, for whom money is not a problem now, still lives a simple life. They arrived at a small town, from which it is only a short way to Shanghai.4) He got to the station at five yesterday afternoon, by which time the trains to Beijing had all left. This is Mr Brown, by whose car I came to New York.(五)、几个特殊先行词后的定语从句（situation, occasion, point）We may be trapped in such a situation where we have no one to turn to.(六)、as和which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别：Many people, as you know, are learn
