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1、It的用法（专项总结）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二、.非人称代词1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、
2、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： .指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it? .指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:It is April First today. .指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B.指价值:It is three dollars. .指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事： Who is it there? Its I (me/
3、you/he.). I thought it was Mary, but it was not she. Her facelighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况) It doesnt matter. It is a shame, isnt it? How is it going?(情况怎样) It says in the newspaper that.3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思 The last trains gone. Come on, well foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。)四、作形式主语，替代主语
4、从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 从句 常译为清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的） It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that 从句 常译为是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然
5、的).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It
6、is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there
7、in two hours. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did) / It is time that children went to bed.It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) It was (从句用过去完成时had done )常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been hereIt is a
8、 pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ It happens (seems， looks， appears ) t
9、hat从句.常译为 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起来” It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式主语替代不定式. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有：bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好
10、心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全
11、等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有：important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. It takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做要花费某人。 如:It took
12、 thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用” It is no good learning English without speaking English. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。We think it important to learn a foreign languag
13、e.该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch
14、 with customers.CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 +
15、 that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.七、常用句型及考点I. 形式主语型 1. It is clear (obvious，true，possible，certain) that 2. It is important (necessary，right，strange，natural)that 掌握本句型，应该记住所列举的形容词，并且记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气 (should+动词原形)，should可以省去。 3. It is no good (u
